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Traffic classification associates packet streams with known application labels, which is vital for network security and network management. With the rise of NAT, port dynamics, and encrypted traffic, it is increasingly challenging to obtain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Bo Pang , Yongquan Fu , Siyuan Ren , Ye Wang , Qing Liao , Yan Jia

Anomaly-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) require correctly labelled, representative and diverse datasets for an accurate evaluation and development. However, several widely used datasets do not include labels which are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Eric Lanfer , Dominik Brockmann , Nils Aschenbruck

Advance Persistent Threats (APTs), adopted by most delicate attackers, are becoming increasing common and pose great threat to various enterprises and institutions. Data provenance analysis on provenance graphs has emerged as a common…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zian Jia , Yun Xiong , Yuhong Nan , Yao Zhang , Jinjing Zhao , Mi Wen

APT traffic detection is an important task in network security domain, which is of great significance in the field of enterprise security. Most APT traffic uses encrypted communication protocol as data transmission medium, which greatly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Junfeng Xu , Weiguo Lin , Wenqing Fan

Current Transferable Adversarial Examples (TAE) are primarily generated by adding Adversarial Noise (AN). Recent studies emphasize the importance of optimizing Data Augmentation (DA) parameters along with AN, which poses a greater threat to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yating Ma , Xiaogang Xu , Liming Fang , Zhe Liu

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

We evaluate methods for applying unsupervised anomaly detection to cybersecurity applications on computer network traffic data, or flow. We borrow from the natural language processing literature and conceptualize flow as a sort of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Benjamin J. Radford , Bartley D. Richardson , Shawn E. Davis

When generating adversarial examples to attack deep neural networks (DNNs), Lp norm of the added perturbation is usually used to measure the similarity between original image and adversarial example. However, such adversarial attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Pu Zhao , Pin-Yu Chen , Huan Zhang , Quanfu Fan , Deniz Erdogmus , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

As a massive number of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are deployed, the security and privacy issues in IoT arouse more and more attention. The IoT attacks are causing tremendous loss to the IoT networks and even threatening human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Tianbo Gu , Allaukik Abhishek , Hao Fu , Huanle Zhang , Debraj Basu , Prasant Mohapatra

The complexity and scale of IT systems are increasing dramatically, posing many challenges to real-world anomaly detection. Deep learning anomaly detection has emerged, aiming at feature learning and anomaly scoring, which has gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Xue Yang , Enda Howley , Micheal Schukat

Web Application Firewalls are crucial for protecting web applications against a wide range of cyber threats. Traditional Web Application Firewalls often struggle to effectively distinguish between malicious and legitimate traffic, leading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ahmed Sameh , Sahar Selim

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) play a key role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), particularly in enabling real-time communication for emergency vehicles. However, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which interfere…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Bappa Muktar , Vincent Fono , Adama Nouboukpo

The integration of AI into modern critical infrastructure systems, such as healthcare, has introduced new vulnerabilities that can significantly impact workflow, efficiency, and safety. Additionally, the increased connectivity has made…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Haozhe Lei , Yunfei Ge , Quanyan Zhu

The rapid expansion of Internet use has increased system exposure to cyber threats, with advanced persistent threats (APTs) being especially challenging due to their stealth, prolonged duration, and multi-stage attacks targeting high-value…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Willie Kouam , Stefan Rass

The widespread adoption of generative models such as Stable Diffusion and ChatGPT has made them increasingly attractive targets for malicious exploitation, particularly through data poisoning. Existing poisoning attacks compromising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mathias Lundteigen Mohus , Jingyue Li , Zhirong Yang

In autonomous driving, behavior prediction is fundamental for safe motion planning, hence the security and robustness of prediction models against adversarial attacks are of paramount importance. We propose a novel adversarial backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Mozhgan Pourkeshavarz , Mohammad Sabokrou , Amir Rasouli

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) reinforce cyber defense by autonomously monitoring various data sources for traces of attacks. However, IDSs are also infamous for frequently raising false positives and alerts that are difficult to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Max Landauer , Florian Skopik , Markus Wurzenberger

This study focuses on a method for detecting and classifying distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, such as SYN Flooding, ACK Flooding, HTTP Flooding, and UDP Flooding, using neural networks. Machine learning, particularly neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Dmytro Tymoshchuk , Oleh Yasniy , Mykola Mytnyk , Nataliya Zagorodna , Vitaliy Tymoshchuk

Detecting rare and diverse anomalies in highly imbalanced datasets-such as Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) in cybersecurity-remains a fundamental challenge for machine learning systems. Active learning offers a promising direction by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Petko Valtchev , James Cheney , Talal Rahwan

Advanced Persistent Threats or APTs are big challenges to the security of government organizations or industry systems. These threats may result in stealth attacks, but if the attack is confronted before the attacker end goal has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Rudra Prasad Baksi , Shambhu J. Upadhyaya