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Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks remain a serious threat to online infrastructure, often bypassing detection by altering traffic in subtle ways. We present a method using hive-plot sequences of network data and a 3D…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Landon Bragg , Nathan Dorsey , Josh Prior , John Ajit , Ben Kim , Nate Willis , Pablo Rivas

DDoS attacks involve overwhelming a target system with a large number of requests or traffic from multiple sources, disrupting the normal traffic of a targeted server, service, or network. Distinguishing between legitimate traffic and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yuanyuan Wei , Julian Jang-Jaccard , Amardeep Singh , Fariza Sabrina , Seyit Camtepe

In the realm of cyber-security, detecting Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) remains a formidable challenge due to their stealthy and sophisticated nature. This research paper presents an innovative approach that leverages Convolutional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Ali M. Bakhiet , Salah A. Aly

Provenance-based Intrusion Detection Systems (PIDSes) have been widely used to detect Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). Although many studies achieve high performance in the evaluations of their original papers, their performance in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yue Xiao , Ling Jiang , Sen Nie , Ding Li , Shi Wu , Ke Xu , Qi Li

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) have created new security challenges for critical infrastructures due to their stealthy, dynamic, and adaptive natures. In this work, we aim to lay a game-theoretic foundation by establishing a multi-stage…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Linan Huang , Quanyan Zhu

The development of the DRL model for malware attribution involved extensive research, iterative coding, and numerous adjustments based on the insights gathered from predecessor models and contemporary research papers. This preparatory work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Animesh Singh Basnet , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem , Dipo Dunsin , Wiktor Sowinski-Mydlarz

Network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) monitors network traffic for malicious activities, forming the frontline defense against increasing attacks over information infrastructures. Although promising, our quantitative analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Chenyang Qiu , Yingsheng Geng , Junrui Lu , Kaida Chen , Shitong Zhu , Ya Su , Guoshun Nan , Can Zhang , Junsong Fu , Qimei Cui , Xiaofeng Tao

Cyber-attacks continue to grow, both in terms of volume and sophistication. This is aided by an increase in available computational power, expanding attack surfaces, and advancements in the human understanding of how to make attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Hanan Hindy , Robert Atkinson , Christos Tachtatzis , Ethan Bayne , Miroslav Bures , Xavier Bellekens

Anomaly detection is a crucial step for preventing malicious activities in the network and keeping resources available all the time for legitimate users. It is noticed from various studies that classical anomaly detectors work well with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Awais Ahmed , Sufian Hameed , Muhammad Rafi , Qublai Khan Ali Mirza

Past Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks on Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT), such as the 2016 Ukrainian power grid attack and the 2017 Saudi petrochemical plant attack, have shown the disruptive effects of APT campaigns while new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Ayush Kumar , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

A malicious attempt to exhaust a victim's resources to cause it to crash or halt its services is known as a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack. DDOS attacks stop authorized users from accessing specific services available on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Azadeh Golduzian

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have plagued the Internet for decades, but the basic defense approaches have not fundamentally changed. Rather, the size and rate of growth in attacks have actually outpaced carriers' and DDoS…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Zhiyi Zhang , Vishrant Vasavada , Siva Kesava Reddy Kakarla , Angelos Stavrou , Eric Osterweil , Lixia Zhang

Adversarial attacks pose a major threat to machine learning and to the systems that rely on it. In the cybersecurity domain, adversarial cyber-attack examples capable of evading detection are especially concerning. Nonetheless, an example…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 João Vitorino , Nuno Oliveira , Isabel Praça

As a new type of cyber attacks, advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose a severe threat to modern society. This paper focuses on the assessment of the risk of APTs. Based on a dynamic model characterizing the time evolution of the state of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Xiaofan Yang , Tianrui Zhang , Lu-Xing Yang , Luosheng Wen , Yuan Yan Tang

With the development of AIoT, data-driven attack detection methods for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have attracted lots of attention. However, existing methods usually adopt tractable distributions to approximate data distributions, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Tijin Yan , Tong Zhou , Yufeng Zhan , Yuanqing Xia

Botnet attacks are a major threat to networked systems because of their ability to turn the network nodes that they compromise into additional attackers, leading to the spread of high volume attacks over long periods. The detection of such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Erol Gelenbe , Mert Nakıp

Given a stream of heterogeneous graphs containing different types of nodes and edges, how can we spot anomalous ones in real-time while consuming bounded memory? This problem is motivated by and generalizes from its application in security…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Emaad A. Manzoor , Sadegh Momeni , Venkat N. Venkatakrishnan , Leman Akoglu

Anomaly Detection System (ADS) is an essential part of a modern gateway Electronic Control Unit (ECU) to detect abnormal behaviors and attacks in vehicles. Among the existing attacks, ``one-time`` attack is the most challenging to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yi Wang , Yuanjin Zheng , Yajun Ha

This paper presents an underlying framework for both automating and accelerating malware classification, more specifically, mapping malicious executables to known Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) groups. The main feature of this analysis is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Noah Subedar , Taeui Kim , Saathwick Venkataramalingam

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a transformative paradigm that integrates smart sensors, advanced analytics, and robust connectivity within industrial processes, enabling real-time data-driven decision-making and enhancing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Erfan Ghiasvand , Suprio Ray , Shahrear Iqbal , Sajjad Dadkhah , Ali A. Ghorbani
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