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In the past, normalizing generative flows have emerged as a promising class of generative models for natural images. This type of model has many modeling advantages: the ability to efficiently compute log-likelihood of the input data, fast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Alexander Kolesnikov , André Susano Pinto , Michael Tschannen

Wavelet transformation stands as a cornerstone in modern data analysis and signal processing. Its mathematical essence is an invertible transformation that discerns slow patterns from fast ones in the frequency domain. Such an invertible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Shuo-Hui Li

Normalizing Flows are generative models that directly maximize the likelihood. Previously, the design of normalizing flows was largely constrained by the need for analytical invertibility. We overcome this constraint by a training procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Felix Draxler , Peter Sorrenson , Lea Zimmermann , Armand Rousselot , Ullrich Köthe

Modeling and synthesizing image noise is an important aspect in many computer vision applications. The long-standing additive white Gaussian and heteroscedastic (signal-dependent) noise models widely used in the literature provide only a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Abdelrahman Abdelhamed , Marcus A. Brubaker , Michael S. Brown

Normalizing flows are a powerful class of generative models demonstrating strong performance in several speech and vision problems. In contrast to other generative models, normalizing flows are latent variable models with tractable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Dmitry Baranchuk , Vladimir Aliev , Artem Babenko

Super-resolution is an ill-posed problem, since it allows for multiple predictions for a given low-resolution image. This fundamental fact is largely ignored by state-of-the-art deep learning based approaches. These methods instead train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Andreas Lugmayr , Martin Danelljan , Luc Van Gool , Radu Timofte

Normalizing flow is a generative modeling approach with efficient sampling. However, Flow-based models suffer two issues: 1) If the target distribution is manifold, due to the unmatch between the dimensions of the latent target distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Qinglong Meng , Chongkun Xia , Xueqian Wang

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are likelihood-based models for continuous inputs. They have demonstrated promising results on both density estimation and generative modeling tasks, but have received relatively little attention in recent years. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shuangfei Zhai , Ruixiang Zhang , Preetum Nakkiran , David Berthelot , Jiatao Gu , Huangjie Zheng , Tianrong Chen , Miguel Angel Bautista , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind

Normalizing flows are powerful non-parametric statistical models that function as a hybrid between density estimators and generative models. Current learning algorithms for normalizing flows assume that data points are sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Matthias Kirchler , Christoph Lippert , Marius Kloft

Low-resolution image representation is a special form of sparse representation that retains only low-frequency information while discarding high-frequency components. This property reduces storage and transmission costs and benefits various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Chenglong Bao , Tongyao Pang , Zuowei Shen , Dihan Zheng , Yihang Zou

Normalizing flow (NF) has gained popularity over traditional maximum likelihood based methods due to its strong capability to model complex data distributions. However, the standard approach, which maps the observed data to a normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Hanze Dong , Shizhe Diao , Weizhong Zhang , Tong Zhang

Normalizing Flows are generative models which produce tractable distributions where both sampling and density evaluation can be efficient and exact. The goal of this survey article is to give a coherent and comprehensive review of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-09 Ivan Kobyzev , Simon J. D. Prince , Marcus A. Brubaker

Although many deep-learning-based super-resolution approaches have been proposed in recent years, because no ground truth is available in the inference stage, few can quantify the errors and uncertainties of the super-resolved results. For…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Jingyi Shen , Han-Wei Shen

Normalizing flows can transform a simple prior probability distribution into a more complex target distribution. Here, we evaluate the ability and efficiency of generative machine learning methods to sample the Boltzmann distribution of an…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-16 Gerhard Jung , Giulio Biroli , Ludovic Berthier

Invertible convolutions have been an essential element for building expressive normalizing flow-based generative models since their introduction in Glow. Several attempts have been made to design invertible $k \times k$ convolutions that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Aditya Kallappa , Sandeep Nagar , Girish Varma

Bayesian posterior inference is prevalent in various machine learning problems. Variational inference provides one way to approximate the posterior distribution, however its expressive power is limited and so is the accuracy of resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Guoqing Zheng , Yiming Yang , Jaime Carbonell

Normalizing flows (NFs) have become a prominent method for deep generative models that allow for an analytic probability density estimation and efficient synthesis. However, a flow-based network is considered to be inefficient in parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Sang-gil Lee , Sungwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

In recent years, various flow-based generative models have been proposed to generate high-fidelity waveforms in real-time. However, these models require either a well-trained teacher network or a number of flow steps making them…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Hyeongju Kim , Hyeonseung Lee , Woo Hyun Kang , Sung Jun Cheon , Byoung Jin Choi , Nam Soo Kim

Audio Super-Resolution is a set of techniques aimed at high-quality estimation of the given signal as if it would be sampled with higher sample rate. Among suggested methods there are diffusion and flow models (which are considered slower),…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Nikita Kuznetsov , Maksim Kaledin

We introduce graph normalizing flows: a new, reversible graph neural network model for prediction and generation. On supervised tasks, graph normalizing flows perform similarly to message passing neural networks, but at a significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Jenny Liu , Aviral Kumar , Jimmy Ba , Jamie Kiros , Kevin Swersky
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