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When exposed to a thermal gradient, reaction networks can convert thermal energy into the chemical selection of states that would be unfavourable at equilibrium. The kinetics of reaction paths, and thus how fast they dissipate available…
Thermal models have proven to be an useful and simple tool used to make theoretical predictions and data analysis in relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. A new version of these models is presented here, incorporating a…
It is known that temperature estimates of macroscopic systems in equilibrium are most precise when their energy fluctuations are large. However, for nanoscale systems deviations from standard thermodynamics arise due to their interactions…
We address estimation of temperature for a micromechanical oscillator lying arbitrarily close to its quantum ground state. Motivated by recent experiments, we assume that the oscillator is coupled to a probe qubit via Jaynes-Cummings…
We investigate the possibility of extending the notion of temperature in a stochastic model for the RNA/protein folding driven out of equilibrium. We simulate the dynamics of a small RNA hairpin subject to an external pulling force, which…
The equilibration of sinusoidally modulated distribution of the kinetic temperature is analyzed in the $\beta$-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain with different degrees of nonlinearity and for different wavelengths of temperature modulation.…
We investigate the dephasing dynamics of a qubit as an effective mechanism for estimating the temperature of its surrounding environment for different symmetrizes. Our approach is fundamentally quantum, leveraging the qubit's susceptibility…
It was recently shown that entanglement in quantum systems being in a non-equilibrium state can appear at much higher temperatures than in an equilibrium state. However, any system is subject to the natural relaxation process establishing…
The stable isotopologues of water have been used in atmospheric and climatic studies for over fifty years, because the temperature-dependent preferential condensation of heavy isotopologues during phase changes makes them useful diagnostics…
Non-equilibrium states of quantum systems in contact with thermal baths help telling environments with different temperatures or different statistics apart. We extend these studies to a more generic problem that consists in discriminating…
We propose a nonequilibrium variational polaron transformation, based on an ansatz for nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) with an effective temperature, to study quantum heat transport at the nanoscale. By combining the variational polaron…
We propose Noise-Based Spectral Embedding (NBSE), a physics-informed framework for selecting informative features from high-dimensional data without greedy search. NBSE constructs a sparse similarity graph on the samples and identifies the…
There currently exist no quantitative methods to determine the appropriate conditions for solid-state synthesis. This not only hinders the experimental realization of novel materials but also complicates the interpretation and understanding…
We show that the commonly used criterion for beta equilibrium in neutrino-transparent dense nuclear matter becomes invalid as temperatures rise above 1 MeV. Such temperatures are attained in neutron star mergers. By numerically computing…
Temperature gradients represent energy sources that can be harvested to generate steady reaction or transport fluxes. Technological developments could lead to the transfer of free energy from heat sources and sinks to chemical systems for…
Quantum virial expansion provides an ideal tool to investigate the high-temperature properties of a strongly correlated Fermi gas. Here, we construct the virial expansion in the presence of spin population imbalance. Up to the third order,…
How thermal equilibrium is determined in a weakly collisional plasma is a fundamental question in plasma physics. This letter shows that the turbulence driven by the magnetic curvature and density gradient tends to equilibrate the…
The physical properties of the so-called Ostriker isothermal filament (Ostriker 1964) have been classically used as benchmark to interpret the stability of the filaments observed in nearby clouds. However, recent continuum studies have…
We show that observing the trajectories of confined particles in a thermal equilibrium state yields an estimate on the free-space diffusion coefficient. For generic trapping potentials and interactions between particles, the estimate comes…
We study the thermalization of an elementary quantum system modeled by a two-level atom interacting with stationary electromagnetic fields out of thermal equilibrium near a dielectric slab. The slab is held at a temperature different from…