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Related papers: Causal Effects of Linguistic Properties

200 papers

We investigate the estimation of the causal effect of a treatment variable on an outcome in the presence of a latent confounder. We first show that the causal effect is identifiable under certain conditions when data is available from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yaroslav Kivva , Sina Akbari , Saber Salehkaleybar , Negar Kiyavash

This paper discusses the problem of causal query in observational data with hidden variables, with the aim of seeking the change of an outcome when "manipulating" a variable while given a set of plausible confounding variables which affect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Debo Cheng , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Jixue Liu , Kui Yu , Thuc Duy Le

Predicting the effect of interventions with many possible variations, e.g., therapeutic content that affects mental health outcomes or an earnings call transcript that drives movement in share price, is useful across several domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nikita Dhawan , Arnav Paruthi , Andrew Kim , Lovedeep Gondara , Jekaterina Novikova , Chris J. Maddison

There has been a long standing interest in understanding `Social Influence' both in Social Sciences and in Computational Linguistics. In this paper, we present a novel approach to study and measure interpersonal influence in daily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Shrimai Prabhumoye , Samridhi Choudhary , Evangelia Spiliopoulou , Christopher Bogart , Carolyn Penstein Rose , Alan W Black

Prediction in language has traditionally been studied using simple designs in which neural responses to expected and unexpected words are compared in a categorical fashion. However, these designs have been contested as being `prediction…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-11 Micha Heilbron , Benedikt Ehinger , Peter Hagoort , Floris P. de Lange

As language technologies become widespread, it is important to understand how changes in language affect reader perceptions and behaviors. These relationships may be formalized as the isolated causal effect of some focal language-encoded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Victoria Lin , Louis-Philippe Morency , Eli Ben-Michael

The era of big data has witnessed an increasing availability of observational data from mobile and social networking, online advertising, web mining, healthcare, education, public policy, marketing campaigns, and so on, which facilitates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Zhixuan Chu , Ruopeng Li , Stephen Rathbun , Sheng Li

Style features such as friendly, helpful, or concise are widely used in prompts to steer the behavior of Large Language Model (LLM) conversational agents, yet their unintended side effects remain poorly understood. In this work, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Young-Min Cho , Yuan Yuan , Sharath Chandra Guntuku , Lyle Ungar

Humans quite frequently interact with conversational agents. The rapid advancement in generative language modeling through neural networks has helped advance the creation of intelligent conversational agents. Researchers typically evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Sashank Santhanam , Alireza Karduni , Samira Shaikh

Informal first-person narratives are a unique resource for computational models of everyday events and people's affective reactions to them. People blogging about their day tend not to explicitly say I am happy. Instead they describe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Lena Reed , Jiaqi Wu , Shereen Oraby , Pranav Anand , Marilyn Walker

How do we learn from biased data? Historical datasets often reflect historical prejudices; sensitive or protected attributes may affect the observed treatments and outcomes. Classification algorithms tasked with predicting outcomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 David Madras , Elliot Creager , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

We study the problem of deriving policies, or rules, that when enacted on a complex system, cause a desired outcome. Absent the ability to perform controlled experiments, such rules have to be inferred from past observations of the system's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Kailash Budhathoki , Mario Boley , Jilles Vreeken

Abusive language detection has become an increasingly important task as a means to tackle this type of harmful content in social media. There has been a substantial body of research developing models for determining if a social media post…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Raneem Alharthi , Rajwa Alharthi , Aiqi Jiang , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Causal effect estimation from observational data is a challenging problem, especially with high dimensional data and in the presence of unobserved variables. The available data-driven methods for tackling the problem either provide an…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-25 Debo Cheng , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Jiji Zhang , Jixue Liu , Thuc Duy Le

Research in the social sciences and psychology has shown that the persuasiveness of an argument depends not only the language employed, but also on attributes of the source/communicator, the audience, and the appropriateness and strength of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Esin Durmus , Faisal Ladhak , Claire Cardie

Many different approaches for estimating the Interaction Quality (IQ) of Spoken Dialogue Systems have been investigated. While dialogues clearly have a sequential nature, statistical classification approaches designed for sequential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-04-08 Stefan Ultes , Alexander Schmitt , Wolfgang Minker

We ask where, and under what conditions, dyslexic reading costs arise in a large-scale naturalistic reading dataset. Using eye-tracking aligned to word-level features (word length, frequency, and predictability), we model how each feature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Hugo Rydel-Johnston , Alex Kafkas

Increasing users' positive interactions, such as purchases or clicks, is an important objective of recommender systems. Recommenders typically aim to select items that users will interact with. If the recommended items are purchased, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Masahiro Sato , Sho Takemori , Janmajay Singh , Tomoko Ohkuma

By positing a relationship between naturalistic reading times and information-theoretic surprisal, surprisal theory (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008) provides a natural interface between language models and psycholinguistic models. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Yiding Hao , Simon Mendelsohn , Rachel Sterneck , Randi Martinez , Robert Frank

Identifying and communicating relationships between causes and effects is important for understanding our world, but is affected by language structure, cognitive and emotional biases, and the properties of the communication medium. Despite…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Thomas C. McAndrew , Joshua C. Bongard , Christopher M. Danforth , Peter S. Dodds , Paul D. H. Hines , James P. Bagrow