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Script knowledge plays a central role in text understanding and is relevant for a variety of downstream tasks. In this paper, we consider two recent datasets which provide a rich and general representation of script events in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Simon Ostermann , Michael Roth , Stefan Thater , Manfred Pinkal

To understand narrative, humans draw inferences about the underlying relations between narrative events. Cognitive theories of narrative understanding define these inferences as four different types of causality, that include pairs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Zhichao Hu , Marilyn A. Walker

The prevailing approach for training and evaluating paraphrase identification models is constructed as a binary classification problem: the model is given a pair of sentences, and is judged by how accurately it classifies pairs as either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Hannah Chen , Yangfeng Ji , David Evans

Causal representation learning (CRL) aims at recovering latent causal variables from high-dimensional observations to solve causal downstream tasks, such as predicting the effect of new interventions or more robust classification. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Dingling Yao , Dario Rancati , Riccardo Cadei , Marco Fumero , Francesco Locatello

Despite the broad application of deep reinforcement learning (RL), transferring and adapting the policy to unseen but similar environments is still a significant challenge. Recently, the language-conditioned policy is proposed to facilitate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Shaohui Peng , Xing Hu , Rui Zhang , Jiaming Guo , Qi Yi , Ruizhi Chen , Zidong Du , Ling Li , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

The goal of self-supervised learning from images is to construct image representations that are semantically meaningful via pretext tasks that do not require semantic annotations for a large training set of images. Many pretext tasks lead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Ishan Misra , Laurens van der Maaten

Automatic extraction of temporal relations between event pairs is an important task for several natural language processing applications such as Question Answering, Information Extraction, and Summarization. Since most existing methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-27 Seyed Abolghasem Mirroshandel , Gholamreza Ghassem-Sani

Coreference resolution aims to identify words and phrases which refer to same entity in a text, a core task in natural language processing. In this paper, we extend this task to resolving coreferences in long-form narrations of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Arushi Goel , Basura Fernando , Frank Keller , Hakan Bilen

Coreference resolution aims to identify in a text all mentions that refer to the same real-world entity. The state-of-the-art end-to-end neural coreference model considers all text spans in a document as potential mentions and learns to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Rui Zhang , Cicero Nogueira dos Santos , Michihiro Yasunaga , Bing Xiang , Dragomir Radev

Distributed representations of meaning are a natural way to encode covariance relationships between words and phrases in NLP. By overcoming data sparsity problems, as well as providing information about semantic relatedness which is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-03-21 Karl Moritz Hermann , Phil Blunsom

Identifying the salience (i.e. importance) of discourse units is an important task in language understanding. While events play important roles in text documents, little research exists on analyzing their saliency status. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Zhengzhong Liu , Chenyan Xiong , Teruko Mitamura , Eduard Hovy

Event extraction is a fundamental task for natural language processing. Finding the roles of event arguments like event participants is essential for event extraction. However, doing so for real-life event descriptions is challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Qian Li , Hao Peng , Jianxin Li , Jia Wu , Yuanxing Ning , Lihong Wang , Philip S. Yu , Zheng Wang

Pre-trained models have brought significant improvements to many NLP tasks and have been extensively analyzed. But little is known about the effect of fine-tuning on specific tasks. Intuitively, people may agree that a pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Jie Cai , Zhengzhou Zhu , Ping Nie , Qian Liu

In this paper, we present an accurate and extensible approach for the coreference resolution task. We formulate the problem as a span prediction task, like in machine reading comprehension (MRC): A query is generated for each candidate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Wei Wu , Fei Wang , Arianna Yuan , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

In this paper, we propose convolutional neural networks for learning an optimal representation of question and answer sentences. Their main aspect is the use of relational information given by the matches between words from the two members…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Aliaksei Severyn , Alessandro Moschitti

Causal relationship recognition is a fundamental operation in neural networks aimed at learning behavior, action planning, and inferring external world dynamics. This operation is particularly crucial for reinforcement learning (RL). In the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Mikhail Kiselev , Denis Larionov , Andrey Urusov

Estimating treatment effects from observational data is challenging due to two main reasons: (a) hidden confounding, and (b) covariate mismatch (control and treatment groups not having identical distributions). Long lines of works exist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Praharsh Nanavati , Ranjitha Prasad , Karthikeyan Shanmugam

Understanding the relation of events plays an important role in different domains, such as identifying the reasons for users' certain actions from application logs as well as explaining sports players' behaviors according to historical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Xiao Xie , Moqi He , Yingcai Wu

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in learning high-level causal representations from low-level image pairs under interventions. Yet, existing efforts are largely limited to simple synthetic settings that are far away from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Yuejiang Liu , Alexandre Alahi , Chris Russell , Max Horn , Dominik Zietlow , Bernhard Schölkopf , Francesco Locatello

Scientific document retrieval is a critical task for enabling knowledge discovery and supporting research across diverse domains. However, existing dense retrieval methods often struggle to capture fine-grained scientific concepts in texts…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wonbin Kweon , Runchu Tian , SeongKu Kang , Pengcheng Jiang , Zhiyong Lu , Jiawei Han , Hwanjo Yu