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Collaborative machine learning enables multiple data owners to jointly train models for improved predictive performance. However, ensuring incentive compatibility and fair contribution-based rewards remains a critical challenge. Prior work…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

In collaborative data sharing and machine learning, multiple parties aggregate their data resources to train a machine learning model with better model performance. However, as the parties incur data collection costs, they are only willing…

Collaborative machine learning involves training models on data from multiple parties but must incentivize their participation. Existing data valuation methods fairly value and reward each party based on shared data or model parameters but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Rachael Hwee Ling Sim , Yehong Zhang , Trong Nghia Hoang , Xinyi Xu , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

In many multi-agent settings, participants can form teams to achieve collective outcomes that may far surpass their individual capabilities. Measuring the relative contributions of agents and allocating them shares of the reward that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Daphne Cornelisse , Thomas Rood , Mateusz Malinowski , Yoram Bachrach , Tal Kachman

This paper presents a novel collaborative generative modeling (CGM) framework that incentivizes collaboration among self-interested parties to contribute data to a pool for training a generative model (e.g., GAN), from which synthetic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Sebastian Shenghong Tay , Xinyi Xu , Chuan Sheng Foo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

The latest developments in AI focus on agentic systems where artificial and human agents cooperate to realize global goals. An example is collaborative learning, which aims to train a global model based on data from individual agents. A…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

Collaborative machine learning (CML) provides a promising paradigm for democratizing advanced technologies by enabling cost-sharing among participants. However, the potential for rent-seeking behaviors among parties can undermine such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Bingchen Wang , Zhaoxuan Wu , Fusheng Liu , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Feature attribution methods help make machine learning-based inference explainable by determining how much one or several features have contributed to a model's output. A particularly popular attribution method is based on the Shapley value…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Filip Naudot , Tobias Sundqvist , Timotheus Kampik

The article explores the emerging domain of incentive-aware machine learning (ML), which focuses on algorithmic decision-making in contexts where individuals can strategically modify their inputs to influence outcomes. It categorizes the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Chara Podimata

In collaborative learning with streaming data, nodes (e.g., organizations) jointly and continuously learn a machine learning (ML) model by sharing the latest model updates computed from their latest streaming data. For the more resourceful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Xiaoqiang Lin , Xinyi Xu , See-Kiong Ng , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Over the last few years, the Shapley value, a solution concept from cooperative game theory, has found numerous applications in machine learning. In this paper, we first discuss fundamental concepts of cooperative game theory and axiomatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Benedek Rozemberczki , Lauren Watson , Péter Bayer , Hao-Tsung Yang , Olivér Kiss , Sebastian Nilsson , Rik Sarkar

High performance machine learning models have become highly dependent on the availability of large quantity and quality of training data. To achieve this, various central agencies such as the government have suggested for different data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Zhiliang Chen

As the decisions made or influenced by machine learning models increasingly impact our lives, it is crucial to detect, understand, and mitigate unfairness. But even simply determining what "unfairness" should mean in a given context is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Tom Begley , Tobias Schwedes , Christopher Frye , Ilya Feige

We describe a mechanism to create fair and explainable incentives for software developers to reward contributions to security of a product. We use cooperative game theory to model the actions of the developer team inside a risk management…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Stefan Rass , Martin Pinzger

Federated Learning is an emerging distributed collaborative learning paradigm used by many of applications nowadays. The effectiveness of federated learning relies on clients' collective efforts and their willingness to contribute local…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Shuyu Kong , You Li , Hai Zhou

Shapley value is a concept in cooperative game theory for measuring the contribution of each participant, which was named in honor of Lloyd Shapley. Shapley value has been recently applied in data marketplaces for compensation allocation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Jinfei Liu

Data valuation is an essential task in a data marketplace. It aims at fairly compensating data owners for their contribution. There is increasing recognition in the machine learning community that the Shapley value -- a foundational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhihua Tian , Jian Liu , Jingyu Li , Xinle Cao , Ruoxi Jia , Jun Kong , Mengdi Liu , Kui Ren

Collaborative machine learning involves training high-quality models using datasets from a number of sources. To incentivize sources to share data, existing data valuation methods fairly reward each source based on its data submitted as is.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rachael Hwee Ling Sim , Jue Fan , Xiao Tian , Xinyi Xu , Patrick Jaillet , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Collaborative learning enables multiple participants to learn a single global model by exchanging focused updates instead of sharing data. One of the core challenges in collaborative learning is ensuring that participants are rewarded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Nurbek Tastan , Samuel Horvath , Karthik Nandakumar

Collaborative learning techniques have the potential to enable training machine learning models that are superior to models trained on a single entity's data. However, in many cases, potential participants in such collaborative schemes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Florian E. Dorner , Nikola Konstantinov , Georgi Pashaliev , Martin Vechev
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