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Recent progress in LLM reasoning has increasingly shifted from single-pass generation to explicit search over intermediate reasoning states. Tree-of-Thoughts (ToT) organizes inference to tree-structured search with branching and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yeqiu Chen , Ziyan Liu , Zhenxin Huang , Runquan Gui , Hong Wang , Lei Liu

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is often hindered by the extensive memory requirements of the Key-Value (KV) cache, especially as context lengths increase. Existing approaches to reduce the KV cache size involve either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Alessio Devoto , Yu Zhao , Simone Scardapane , Pasquale Minervini

Recently, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have rapidly gained popularity for their strong generation and reasoning capabilities given diverse multimodal inputs. However, these models incur significant computational and memory overhead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ao Wang , Hui Chen , Jiaxin Li , Jianchao Tan , Kefeng Zhang , Xunliang Cai , Zijia Lin , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

The recursive model index (RMI) has recently been introduced as a machine-learned replacement for traditional indexes over sorted data, achieving remarkably fast lookups. Follow-up work focused on explaining RMI's performance and…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Marcel Maltry , Jens Dittrich

Although machine learning (ML) shows potential in improving query optimization by generating and selecting more efficient plans, ensuring the robustness of learning-based cost models (LCMs) remains challenging. These LCMs currently lack…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Baoming Chang , Amin Kamali , Verena Kantere

The growing size of Large Language Models (LLMs) makes efficient inference challenging, primarily due to the memory demands of the autoregressive Key-Value (KV) cache. Existing eviction or compression methods reduce cost but rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Luca Moschella , Laura Manduchi , Ozan Sener

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale in size and context length, the memory requirements of the key value (KV) cache have emerged as a major bottleneck during autoregressive decoding. The KV cache grows with sequence length and embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sourjya Roy , Shrihari Sridharan , Surya Selvam , Anand Raghunathan

The increasing complexity of AI tasks has shifted the paradigm from monolithic models toward multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems. However, these collaborative architectures introduce a critical bottleneck: redundant prefill…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yingsheng Geng , Yuchong Gao , Weihong Wu , Guyue Liu , Jiang Liu

Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has significantly advanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), but this progress is accompanied by substantial memory and latency overhead from the extensive Key-Value (KV) cache. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Tao Zhang , Ziqian Zeng , Hao Peng , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen

Key-value (KV) caching is widely used to accelerate transformer inference, but its memory cost grows linearly with input length, limiting long-context deployment. Existing token eviction methods reduce memory by discarding less important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ruijie Miao , Zhiming Wang , Wang Li , Shiwei Wu , Shufan Liu , Yanbing Jiang , Tong Yang

In this work, we define the problem of finding an optimal query plan as finding spanning trees with low costs. This approach empowers the utilization of a series of spanning tree algorithms, thereby enabling systematic exploration of the…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Yesdaulet Izenov , Asoke Datta , Brian Tsan , Abylay Amanbayev , Florin Rusu

High read and write performance is important for generic key-value stores, which are foundational to modern applications and databases. Yet, achieving high performance for mixed and dynamic workloads is challenging due to fundamental…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tony Astolfi , Vidya Silai , Darby Huye , Lan Liu , Raja R. Sambasivan , Johes Bater

Repository-level code generation aims to generate code within the context of a specified repository. Existing approaches typically employ retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques to provide LLMs with relevant contextual information…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yang Liu , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Zhuohang Wang , Donglin Wei , Zhishuo Yang , Kechi Zhang , Jia Li , Lin Shi

Tree-based models underpin many modern semantic search engines and recommender systems due to their sub-linear inference times. In industrial applications, these models operate at extreme scales, where every bit of performance is critical.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Philip A. Etter , Kai Zhong , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Lexing Ying , Inderjit Dhillon

This paper studies the design of B-tree that can take full advantage of modern storage hardware with built-in transparent compression. Recent years have witnessed significant interest in applying log-structured merge tree (LSM-tree) as an…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Yifan Qiao , Xubin Chen , Ning Zheng , Jiangpeng Li , Yang Liu , Tong Zhang

Context lengths of Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded in recent years, with 128k-token context becoming a standard and million-token context becoming a reality. Efficiently supporting long-context inference remains challenging as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Isaac Rehg

Range queries over multidimensional data are an important part of database workloads in many applications. Their execution may be accelerated by using multidimensional index structures (MDIS), such as kd-trees or R-trees. As for most index…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Stefan Sprenger , Patrick Schäfer , Ulf Leser

Remote in-memory key-value (KV) stores serve as a cornerstone for diverse modern workloads, and high-speed range scans are frequently a requirement. However, current architectures rarely achieve a simultaneous balance of peak efficiency,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Frederic Schimmelpfennig , Jan Sass , Reza Salkhordeh , Martin Kröning , Stefan Lankes , André Brinkmann

We consider the quantization of a transmit beamforming vector in multiantenna channels and of a signature vector in code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. Assuming perfect channel knowledge, the receiver selects for a transmitter the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Wiroonsak Santipach , Kritsada Mamat

The B-tree is a fundamental secondary index structure that is widely used for answering one-dimensional range reporting queries. Given a set of $N$ keys, a range query can be answered in $O(\log_B \nm + \frac{K}{B})$ I/Os, where $B$ is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-11-27 Ke Yi
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