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Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the…

We discuss two new observational techniques that use observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to place constraints upon the mass, distance, and size distribution of small objects in the Kuiper Belt and inner Oort Cloud,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel Babich , Cullen H. Blake , Charles Steinhardt

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNO) represent the leftovers of the formation of the Solar System. Their physical properties provide constraints to the models of formation and evolution of the various dynamical classes of objects in the outer…

Access to microarcsecond astrometry is now routine in the radio, infrared, and optical domains. In particular the publication of the second data release from the Gaia mission made it possible for every astronomer to work with easily…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-17 Anthony G. A. Brown

Millisecond dips in the RXTE/PCA light curve of Sco X-1 were reported recently (Chang et al. 2006), which were interpreted as the occultation of X-rays from Sco X-1 caused by Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNO) of hundred-meter size. Inconclusive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hsiang-Kuang Chang , Jau-Shian Liang , Chih-Yuan Liu , Sun-Kun King

Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) in the scattered disk with 50 < a < 100 au are thought to cluster near Neptune's n:1 resonances (e.g: 3:1, 4:1, and so on). While these objects spend lengthy periods of time at large heliocentric distances, if…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Matthew S. Clement , Scott S. Sheppard

We present variability measurements and partial light curves of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) from a two-night pilot study using Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the Subaru Telescope (Maunakea, Hawai'i, USA). Subaru's large aperture (8-m) and…

Although the majority of Centaurs are thought to have originated in the scattered disk, with the high-inclination members coming from the Oort cloud, the origin of the high inclination component of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) remains…

We present our latest results about the short-term variability of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). We performed broad-band CCD photometric observations using several telescopes in Spain and Chile. We present results based on three years of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. Thirouin , J. L. Ortiz , A. Campo Bagatin , P. Pravec , N. Morales , O. Hainaut , R. Duffard

The second $Gaia$ Data Release (DR2) contains astrometric and photometric data for more than 1.6 billion objects with mean $Gaia$ $G$ magnitude $<$20.7, including many Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in different evolutionary stages. In order…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 G. Marton , P. Ábrahám , E. Szegedi-Elek , J. Varga , M. Kun , Á. Kóspál , E. Varga-Verebélyi , S. Hodgkin , L. Szabados , R. Beck , Cs. Kiss

Astronomy is in an era where all-sky surveys are mapping the Galaxy. The plethora of photometric, spectroscopic, asteroseismic and astrometric data allows us to characterise the comprising stars in detail. Here we quantify to what extent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 George C. Angelou , Earl P. Bellinger , Saskia Hekker , Sarbani Basu

The Centaur (60558) Echeclus was discovered on March 03, 2000, orbiting between the orbits of Jupiter and Uranus. After exhibiting frequent outbursts, it also received a comet designation, 174P. If the ejected material can be a source of…

Digital co-addition of astronomical images is a common technique for increasing signal-to-noise and image depth. A modification of this simple technique has been applied to the detection of minor bodies in the Solar System: first stationary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Alex H. Parker , JJ. Kavelaars

We present the results of photometric observations of six Transneptunian objects and three Centaurs, estimations of their rotational periods and corresponding amplitudes. For six of them we present also lower limits of density values. All…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 T. Hromakina , D. Perna , I. Belskaya , E. Dotto , A. Rossi , F. Bisi

Thousands of small bodies, known as trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), orbit the Sun beyond Neptune. TNOs are remnants of the planets' formation from a disc of gas and dust, so it is puzzling that they move mostly on eccentric orbits inclined…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-10 Susanne Pfalzner , Frank W. Wagner , Paul Gibbon

Astrometry is one of the oldest branches of astronomy which measures the position, the proper motion and parallax of celestial objects. Following the Hipparcos and Gaia missions that have measured several billions of them using global…

Gaia DR4 epoch astrometry will enable the detection of thousands of exoplanets through astrometric motion. Here, we present a composite catalog and modeling framework that extracts the maximum information from existing Hipparcos and Gaia…

Polarization is a powerful remote-sensing method to investigate solar system bodies. It is an especially sensitive diagnostic tool to reveal physical properties of the bodies whose observational characteristics are governed by small…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Bagnulo , H. Boehnhardt , K. Muinonen , L. Kolokolova , I. Belskaya , M. A. Barucci