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We propose network benchmarking: a procedure to efficiently benchmark the quality of a quantum network link connecting quantum processors in a quantum network. This procedure is based on the standard randomized benchmarking protocol and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-02 Jonas Helsen , Stephanie Wehner

Today's quantum computers are primarily accessible through the cloud and potentially shifting to the edge network in the future. With the rapid advancement and proliferation of quantum computing research worldwide, there has been a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Hoa T. Nguyen , Muhammad Usman , Rajkumar Buyya

As quantum networking hardware remains costly and not yet widely accessible, simulation tools are essential for the design and evaluation of quantum network architectures and protocols. However, designing a scalable and computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Adam Pearson , Francesco Mazza , Marcello Caleffi , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

The nature-inspired field of quantum communication has witnessed exciting developments over the past few years with countries all over the world working hard to scale their experimental quantum networks to larger sizes and increased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Anand Choudhary , Ajay Wasan

We present the Virtual Quantum Device (VQD) platform, a system based on the QuEST quantum emulator. Through the use of VQDs, non-expert users can emulate specific quantum computers with detailed error models, bespoke gate sets and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Cica Gustiani , Tyson Jones , Simon C. Benjamin

Quantum computing is a radical new paradigm for a technology that is capable to revolutionize information processing. Simulators of universal quantum computer are important for understanding the basic principles and operations of the…

Electron spin qubits in quantum dot devices are promising for scalable quantum computing. However, architectural support is currently hindered by the lack of realistic and performant simulation methods for real devices. Physics-based tools…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Shize Che , Junyu Zhou , Seong Woo Oh , Jonathan Hess , Noah Johnson , Mridul Pushp , Robert Spivey , Anthony Sigillito , Gushu Li

The rapid advancement of quantum computing has highlighted the need for scalable and efficient software infrastructures to fully exploit its potential. Current quantum processors face significant scalability constraints due to the limited…

The exploration of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms and programming models on noisy near-term quantum hardware has begun. As hybrid programs scale towards classical intractability, validation and benchmarking are critical to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Alexander McCaskey , Eugene Dumitrescu , Mengsu Chen , Dmitry Lyakh , Travis S. Humble

Entanglement-based networks (EBNs) enable general-purpose quantum communication by combining entanglement and its swapping in a sequence that addresses the challenges of achieving long distance communication with high fidelity associated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 David Pérez Castro , Juan Fernández-Herrerín , Ana Fernández-Vilas , Manuel Fernández-Veigaa , Rebeca P. Díaz-Redondo

Quantum networks might enable quantum communication and distributed quantum computation. Solid-state defects are promising platforms for such networks, because they provide an optical interface for remote entanglement distribution and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 S. J. H. Loenen , Y. Wang , N. Demetriou , C. E. Bradley , T. H. Taminiau

An experimental Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) implementation requires advanced costly hardware, unavailable in most research environments, making protocol testing and performance evaluation complicated. Historically, this has been a major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-20 Konstantinos Gkouliaras , Vasileios Theos , Phil Evans , Stylianos Chatzidakis

Tensor network methods are incredibly effective for simulating quantum circuits. This is due to their ability to efficiently represent and manipulate the wave-functions of large interacting quantum systems. We describe the challenges faced…

Quantum network research at both the software stack and hardware implementation level has become an exciting area of quantum information science. Although demonstrations of small-scale quantum networks have emerged in the past decade,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Huiping Lin , Ruixuan Deng , Chris Z. Yao , Zhengfeng Ji , Mingsheng Ying

Quantum networks play an extremely important role in quantum information science, with application to quantum communication, computation, metrology and fundamental tests. One of the key challenges for implementing a quantum network is to…

Due to the limited availability of quantum computing power in the near future, cryptographic security techniques must be developed for secure remote use of current and future quantum computing hardware. Prominent among these is Universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-29 Ieva Čepaitė

Tensor network theory and quantum simulation are respectively the key classical and quantum computing methods in understanding quantum many-body physics. Here, we introduce the framework of hybrid tensor networks with building blocks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-02 Xiao Yuan , Jinzhao Sun , Junyu Liu , Qi Zhao , You Zhou

With recent advances in the fields of quantum information theory [J. Pablo. Nature 12, 2172 (2021)] and the approach of the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) [J. Preskill. Quantum 2, 79 (2018)] computing era, it is necessary to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-17 Alexander Kiefer

Q2NS is an open-source quantum network simulator built on ns-3, the de facto standard for classical network simulation. By inheriting ns-3's mature classical stack and event-driven execution model, Q2NS enables faithful co-simulation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Francesco Mazza , Adam Pearson , Marcello Caleffi , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

We introduce a simulator for a quantum internet with the specific goal to support software development. A quantum internet consists of local quantum processors, which are interconnected by quantum communication channels that enable the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Axel Dahlberg , Stephanie Wehner