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Artificial intelligence (AI) technology and systems have been advancing rapidly. However, ensuring the reliability of these systems is crucial for fostering public confidence in their use. This necessitates the modeling and analysis of…
Front-door adjustment gives a simple closed-form identification formula under the classical front-door criterion, but its applicability is often viewed as narrow. By contrast, the general ID algorithm can identify many more causal effects…
The promise of "free and open" multi-terabyte datasets often collides with harsh realities. While these datasets may be technically accessible, practical barriers -- from processing complexity to hidden costs -- create a system that…
The rapid entry of machine learning approaches in our daily activities and high-stakes domains demands transparency and scrutiny of their fairness and reliability. To help gauge machine learning models' robustness, research typically…
Open-source scientific software is effectively closed to modification by its complexity. With recent advances in technology, an agentic AI team led by a single human can now rapidly and robustly modify large codebases and re-open science to…
The paper introduces concepts of fairness and explainability (XAI) in artificial intelligence, oriented to solve a sophisticated business problems. For fairness, the authors discuss the bias-inducing specifics, as well as relevant…
Modern Flash X-ray diffraction Imaging (FXI) acquires diffraction signals from single biomolecules at a high repetition rate from X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs), easily obtaining millions of 2D diffraction patterns from a single…
Accessing research data at any time is what FAIR (Findable Accessible Interoperable Reusable) data sharing aims to achieve at scale. Yet, we argue that it is not sustainable to keep accumulating and maintaining all datasets for rapid…
Despite the large body of research on missing value distributions and imputation, there is comparatively little literature with a focus on how to make it easy to handle, explore, and impute missing values in data. This paper addresses this…
Private Information Retrieval (PIR) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that enables users to retrieve data from a database without revealing which item is being accessed, thereby preserving query privacy. However, PIR protocols also…
A large number of services for research data management strive to adhere to the FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship. To evaluate these services and to indicate possible improvements, use-case-centric…
As the number of cloud platforms supporting scientific research grows, there is an increasing need to support interoperability between two or more cloud platforms, as a growing amount of data is being hosted in cloud-based platforms. A well…
In the realm of industrial manufacturing, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing an increasing role, from automating existing processes to aiding in the development of new materials and techniques. However, a significant challenge arises…
The general and practical inversion of diffraction data-producing a computer model correctly representing the material explored - is an important unsolved problem for disordered materials. Such modeling should proceed by using our full…
Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) is a data-efficient single-pixel imaging (SPI). However, there is still a serious challenge to obtain higher imaging quality using fewer measurements, which limits the development of real-time SPI. In this…
This paper presents a domain-specific implementation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tailored to the Fair Use Doctrine in U.S. copyright law. Motivated by the increasing prevalence of DMCA takedowns and the lack of accessible legal…
The Resource Description Framework is well-established as a lingua franca for data modeling and is designed to integrate heterogeneous data at instance and schema level using statements. While RDF is conceptually simple, data models…
Massive RDF data sets are becoming commonplace. RDF data is typically generated in social semantic domains (such as personal information management) wherein a fixed schema is often not available a priori. We propose a simple Three-way…
Cloud computing is a trending technology in the field of Information Technology as it allows sharing of resources over a network. The reason Cloud computing gained traction so rapidly was because of its performance, availability and low…
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) sharing is an important activity to reduce information asymmetries between attackers and defenders. However, this activity presents challenges due to the tension between data sharing and confidentiality, that…