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What explains the dramatic progress from 20th-century to 21st-century AI, and how can the remaining limitations of current AI be overcome? The widely accepted narrative attributes this progress to massive increases in the quantity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Paul Smolensky , R. Thomas McCoy , Roland Fernandez , Matthew Goldrick , Jianfeng Gao

We propose a symbolic generative task description language and a corresponding inference engine capable of representing arbitrary multimodal tasks as structured symbolic flows. Unlike conventional generative models that rely on large-scale…

Textual content around us is growing on a daily basis. Numerous articles are being written as we speak on online newspapers, blogs, or social media. Similarly, recent advances in the AI field, like language models or traditional classic AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Nicos Isaak

Formal verification has emerged as a powerful approach to ensure the safety and reliability of deep neural networks. However, current verification tools are limited to only a handful of properties that can be expressed as first-order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Xuan Xie , Kristian Kersting , Daniel Neider

Since most of music has repetitive structures from motifs to phrases, repeating musical ideas can be a basic operation for music composition. The basic block that we focus on is conceptualized as loops which are essential ingredients of…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Sangjun Han , Hyeongrae Ihm , Moontae Lee , Woohyung Lim

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) has seen a recent surge in deep learning-based approaches, which often involve encoding symbolic music (i.e., music represented in terms of discrete note events) in an image-like or language like fashion.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Huan Zhang , Emmanouil Karystinaios , Simon Dixon , Gerhard Widmer , Carlos Eduardo Cancino-Chacón

In this paper we present an alternative approach to symbolic segmentation; instead of implementing a new method we approach symbolic segmentation as an algorithm selection problem. That is, let there be $n$ available algorithms for symbolic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Martin Lukac , Kamila Abdiyeva , Michitaka Kameyama

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (NSAI) represents a transformative approach in artificial intelligence (AI) by combining deep learning's ability to handle large-scale and unstructured data with the structured reasoning of symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Oualid Bougzime , Samir Jabbar , Christophe Cruz , Frédéric Demoly

In an era where symbolic mathematical equations are indispensable for modeling complex natural phenomena, scientific inquiry often involves collecting observations and translating them into mathematical expressions. Recently, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Kazem Meidani , Parshin Shojaee , Chandan K. Reddy , Amir Barati Farimani

We introduce a framework for learning continuous neural representations of formal specifications by distilling the geometry of their semantics into a latent space. Existing approaches rely either on symbolic kernels -- which preserve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Sara Candussio , Gabriele Sarti , Gaia Saveri , Luca Bortolussi

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain neural model behaviour by reverse-engineering learned computational structure into human-understandable components. Without a formal framework, however, mechanistic explanations cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ward Gauderis , Thomas Dooms , Steven T. Holmer , Kola Ayonrinde , Geraint A. Wiggins

A framework and method are proposed for the study of constituent composition in fMRI. The method produces estimates of neural patterns encoding complex linguistic structures, under the assumption that the contributions of individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Matthias Lalisse , Paul Smolensky

We study the problem of concept induction in visual reasoning, i.e., identifying concepts and their hierarchical relationships from question-answer pairs associated with images; and achieve an interpretable model via working on the induced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Zhonghao Wang , Kai Wang , Mo Yu , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-mei Hwu , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Humphrey Shi

In the ongoing quest for hybridizing discrete reasoning with neural nets, there is an increasing interest in neural architectures that can learn how to solve discrete reasoning or optimization problems from natural inputs, a task that Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Marianne Defresne , Romain Gambardella , Sophie Barbe , Thomas Schiex

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) could empower traditional neuro-symbolic models via programming capabilities to translate language into module descriptions, thus achieving strong visual reasoning results while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Zhenfang Chen , Rui Sun , Wenjun Liu , Yining Hong , Chuang Gan

We introduce DeepProbLog, a probabilistic logic programming language that incorporates deep learning by means of neural predicates. We show how existing inference and learning techniques can be adapted for the new language. Our experiments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Robin Manhaeve , Sebastijan Dumančić , Angelika Kimmig , Thomas Demeester , Luc De Raedt

Continual learning is crucial for creating AI agents that can learn and improve themselves autonomously. A primary challenge in continual learning is to learn new tasks without losing previously learned knowledge. Current continual learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Amin Banayeeanzade , Mohammad Rostami

Human reasoning can be understood as a cooperation between the intuitive, associative "System-1" and the deliberative, logical "System-2". For existing System-1-like methods in visual activity understanding, it is crucial to integrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Xiaoqian Wu , Yong-Lu Li , Jianhua Sun , Cewu Lu

The mathematical representation of semantics is a key issue for Natural Language Processing (NLP). A lot of research has been devoted to finding ways of representing the semantics of individual words in vector spaces. Distributional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-11-13 Karl Moritz Hermann

In this work, we aim to leverage prior symbolic knowledge to improve the performance of deep models. We propose a graph embedding network that projects propositional formulae (and assignments) onto a manifold via an augmented Graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Yaqi Xie , Ziwei Xu , Mohan S. Kankanhalli , Kuldeep S. Meel , Harold Soh