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Recent work on open domain question answering (QA) assumes strong supervision of the supporting evidence and/or assumes a blackbox information retrieval (IR) system to retrieve evidence candidates. We argue that both are suboptimal, since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Kenton Lee , Ming-Wei Chang , Kristina Toutanova

Open domain Question Answering (QA) systems must interact with external knowledge sources, such as web pages, to find relevant information. Information sources like Wikipedia, however, are not well structured and difficult to utilize in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Yusuke Watanabe , Bhuwan Dhingra , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Question answering (QA) systems are sensitive to the many different ways natural language expresses the same information need. In this paper we turn to paraphrases as a means of capturing this knowledge and present a general framework which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Li Dong , Jonathan Mallinson , Siva Reddy , Mirella Lapata

Generative AI models face the challenge of hallucinations that can undermine users' trust in such systems. We approach the problem of conversational information seeking as a two-step process, where relevant passages in a corpus are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog

Many Question-Answering (QA) datasets contain unanswerable questions, but their treatment in QA systems remains primitive. Our analysis of the Natural Questions (Kwiatkowski et al. 2019) dataset reveals that a substantial portion of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Najoung Kim , Ellie Pavlick , Burcu Karagol Ayan , Deepak Ramachandran

Instructional videos provide detailed how-to guides for various tasks, with viewers often posing questions regarding the content. Addressing these questions is vital for comprehending the content, yet receiving immediate answers is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Saelyne Yang , Sunghyun Park , Yunseok Jang , Moontae Lee

For a natural language understanding benchmark to be useful in research, it has to consist of examples that are diverse and difficult enough to discriminate among current and near-future state-of-the-art systems. However, we do not yet know…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Saku Sugawara , Nikita Nangia , Alex Warstadt , Samuel R. Bowman

This paper is concerned with the task of multi-hop open-domain Question Answering (QA). This task is particularly challenging since it requires the simultaneous performance of textual reasoning and efficient searching. We present a method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Yair Feldman , Ran El-Yaniv

Answering questions related to the legal domain is a complex task, primarily due to the intricate nature and diverse range of legal document systems. Providing an accurate answer to a legal query typically necessitates specialized knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Bhawna Piryani , Adam Jatowt

Methods for query answering over incomplete knowledge graphs retrieve entities that are likely to be answers, which is particularly useful when such answers cannot be reached by direct graph traversal due to missing edges. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Daniel Daza , Alberto Bernardi , Luca Costabello , Christophe Gueret , Masoud Mansoury , Michael Cochez , Martijn Schut

Question answering (QA) systems are among the most important and rapidly developing research topics in natural language processing (NLP). A reason, therefore, is that a QA system allows humans to interact more naturally with a machine,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Amer Farea , Zhen Yang , Kien Duong , Nadeesha Perera , Frank Emmert-Streib

The increasing reliance on digital information necessitates advancements in conversational search systems, particularly in terms of information transparency. While prior research in conversational information-seeking has concentrated on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Weronika Łajewska , Damiano Spina , Johanne Trippas , Krisztian Balog

Table Question Answering (Table QA) refers to providing precise answers from tables to answer a user's question. In recent years, there have been a lot of works on table QA, but there is a lack of comprehensive surveys on this research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Nengzheng Jin , Joanna Siebert , Dongfang Li , Qingcai Chen

Question Answering (QA) is an important part of tasks like text classification through information gathering. These are finding increasing use in sectors like healthcare, customer support, legal services, etc., to collect and classify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Priya Mishra , Suraj Racha , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Adit Akarsh , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Long-form question answering (LFQA) tasks require retrieving the documents pertinent to a query, using them to form a paragraph-length answer. Despite considerable progress in LFQA modeling, fundamental issues impede its progress: i)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Suchismit Mahapatra , Vladimir Blagojevic , Pablo Bertorello , Prasanna Kumar

Question answering (QA) can only make progress if we know if an answer is correct, but current answer correctness (AC) metrics struggle with verbose, free-form answers from large language models (LLMs). There are two challenges with current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zongxia Li , Ishani Mondal , Yijun Liang , Huy Nghiem , Jordan Lee Boyd-Graber

Inquisitive probing questions come naturally to humans in a variety of settings, but is a challenging task for automatic systems. One natural type of question to ask tries to fill a gap in knowledge during text comprehension, like reading a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Wei-Jen Ko , Te-Yuan Chen , Yiyan Huang , Greg Durrett , Junyi Jessy Li

Existing question answering datasets focus on dealing with homogeneous information, based either only on text or KB/Table information alone. However, as human knowledge is distributed over heterogeneous forms, using homogeneous information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Wenhu Chen , Hanwen Zha , Zhiyu Chen , Wenhan Xiong , Hong Wang , William Wang

Existing table question answering datasets contain abundant factual questions that primarily evaluate the query and schema comprehension capability of a system, but they fail to include questions that require complex reasoning and…

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) aims to answer natural language questions according to the given videos. It has earned increasing attention with recent research trends in joint vision and language understanding. Yet, compared with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Yaoyao Zhong , Junbin Xiao , Wei Ji , Yicong Li , Weihong Deng , Tat-Seng Chua