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The quantum limit is a fundamental lower bound on the uncertainty when estimating a parameter in a system dominated by the minimum amount of noise (quantum noise). For the first time, we derive and demonstrate a quantum limit for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-12 Huwei Wang , Roman Ermakov , Francesco Da Ros , Darko Zibar

Laser phase noise remains a limiting factor in many experimental settings, including metrology, time-keeping, as well as quantum optics. Hitherto this issue was addressed at low frequencies, ranging from well below 1 Hz to maximally 100…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-31 Michał Parniak , Ivan Galinskiy , Timo Zwettler , Eugene S. Polzik

We address the exploitation of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) in the task of mitigating, at least partially, phase noise produced by phase diffusion. In particular, we analyze two scenarios where phase diffusion is typically…

Second generation quantum technologies aim to outperform classical alternatives by utilizing engineered quantum systems. Maintaining the coherence required to enable any quantum advantage requires detailed knowledge and control over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Robert Freund , Christian D. Marciniak , Thomas Monz

THz wireless communications have garnered significant attention due to their unprecedented data rates enabled by the abundant untapped spectrum. However, advanced modulation formats beyond 64-QAM remain largely unexplored, as phase errors…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-03 Bowen Liu , Takasumi Tanabe

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) is often based on recording an object-reference interference pattern and its further phase demodulation. We propose Pseudo Hilbert Phase Microscopy (PHPM) where we combine pseudo thermal light source…

In current MIMO mobile communication systems, phase noise can significantly impair performance. To allow for compensation of these impairments, accurate phase noise modeling is necessary. Numerical modeling of the phase noise process at a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Carl Collmann , Ahmad Nimr , Gerhard Fettweis

The sensitivity of future gravitational wave interferometers is expected to be limited through-out the detection band by quantum vacuum fluctuations, which can be reduced by quantum non-demolition methods such as squeezed vacuum injection.…

Precise phase measurements by interferometers are crucial in science for detecting subtle changes, such as gravitational waves. However, phase sensitivity is typically limited by the standard quantum limit (SQL) with uncorrelated particles…

Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of precision measurement devices, such as laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatories and axion detectors. In the shot-noise-limited regime, these resonant detectors are subject to a trade-off…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Xiang Li , Jiri Smetana , Amit Singh Ubhi , Joe Bentley , Yanbei Chen , Yiqiu Ma , Haixing Miao , Denis Martynov

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) enables label-free measurement of local optical path length variations, providing critical insight into the structure and dynamics of transparent biological specimens. Here, a highly sensitive lateral…

We propose a theoretical scheme to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in ultrasensitive detection with the help of quantum correlation. By introducing the auxiliary oscillator and treated as an added probe for weak field detection, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Wen-Zhao Zhang , Li-Bo Chen , Jiong Cheng , Yun-Feng Jiang

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM), a technique combining phase imaging and microscopy, enables visualization of the 3D topography in reflective samples, as well as the inner structure or refractive index distribution of transparent and…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-17 Vicente Mico , Juanjuan Zheng , Javier Garcia , Zeev Zalevsky , Peng Gao

Quantum sensors based upon atom interferometry typically rely on radio-frequency or optical pulses to coherently manipulate atomic states and make precise measurements of inertial and gravitational effects. An advantage of these sensors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Jack Saywell , Nikolaos Dedes , Max Carey , Brynle Barrett , Tim Freegarde

Quantum sensing using non-linear interferometers offers the possibility of bicolour imaging, using light that never interacted with the object of interest, and provides a way to achieve phase supersensitivity, i.e. a Heisenberg-type scaling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Simon Schaffrath , Daniel Derr , Markus Gräfe , Enno Giese

For coherent and direct-detection Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) systems employing radio frequency (RF) pilot tone phase noise cancellation the influence of laser phase noise is evaluated. Novel analytical results for the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Gunnar Jacobsen , Leonid G. Kazovsky , Tianhua Xu , Sergei Popov , Jie Li , Yimo Zhang , Ari T. Friberg

The measurement of weak temporal phase for picosecond and nanosecond laser pulses is important but quite difficult. We propose a simple iterative algorithm, which is based on a temporally movable phase modulation process, to retrieve the…

Optics · Physics 2016-07-06 Zhi Qiao , Yudong Yao , Xiaochao Wang , Yuanyuan Jing , Wei Fan , Zunqi Lin

We develop a quantum statistical framework for passive optical surface metrology. Modelling a surface as an incoherent ensemble of point emitters imaged through a diffraction-limited system, we employ techniques from quantum parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Jernej Frank , George Brumpton , Tommaso Tufarelli , Gerardo Adesso , Samanta Piano

We theoretically study the phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer with a thermal state and squeezed vacuum state as inputs and parity detection as measurement. We find that phase sensitivity can beat the shot-noise limit and…

A fundamental parameter to determine how electromagnetic waves interfere is their relative phase. Therefore, achieving a fine control over it enables a wide range of interferometric applications. Existing phase control methods rely on…