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The quantum bits (qubits) on which superconducting quantum computers are based have energy scales corresponding to photons with GHz frequencies. The energy of photons in the gigahertz domain is too low to allow transmission through the…

Efficient, low-noise, and high-bandwidth transduction between optical and microwave photons is key to long-range quantum communication between distant superconducting quantum processors. Recent demonstrations of microwave-optical…

We study the quantum transduction of a superconducting qubit to an optical photon in electro-optomechanical and electro-optomagnonical systems. The electro-optomechanical system comprises a flux-tunable transmon qubit coupled to a suspended…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Roson Nongthombam , Pooja Kumari Gupta , Amarendra K. Sarma

In the previous paper [M. Tsang, Phys. Rev. A 81, 063837 (2010), e-print arXiv:1003.0116], I proposed a quantum model of a cavity electro-optic modulator, which can coherently couple an optical cavity mode to a microwave resonator mode and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-28 Mankei Tsang

A microwave-optical photon converter with high efficiency ($>50$ %) and low added noise ($\ll 1$ photon) could enable the creation of scalable quantum networks where quantum information is distributed optically and processed in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 M Khalifa , P S Kirwin , Jeff F Young , J Salfi

Quantum information technology based on solid state qubits has created much interest in converting quantum states from the microwave to the optical domain. Optical photons, unlike microwave photons, can be transmitted by fiber, making them…

The quantum transduction, or equivalently quantum frequency conversion, between microwave and optical photons is essential for realizing scalable quantum computers with superconducting qubits. Due to the large frequency difference between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Akihiko Sekine , Ryo Murakami , Yoshiyasu Doi

Microwave-to-optical quantum transducers will enable coherent interconnection between distant superconducting quantum devices. Ongoing explorations with several platforms have shown promising results at single-photon levels. However, in all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Ujjwal Gautam , Nasser Gohari Kamel , Sourabh Kumar , Daniel Oblak

Optomechanical couplings involve both beam-splitter and two-mode-squeezing types of interactions. While the former underlies the utility of many applications, the latter creates unwanted excitations and is usually detrimental. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Hoi-Kwan Lau , Aashish A. Clerk

We show that optically active coupled quantum dots embedded in a superconducting microwave cavity can be used to realize a fast quantum interface between photonic and transmon qubits. Single photon absorption by a coupled quantum dot…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Yuta Tsuchimoto , Patrick Knüppel , Aymeric Delteil , Zhe Sun , Martin Kroner , Ataç Imamoğlu

Efficient transduction devices that reversibly convert optical and microwave quantum signals into each other are essential for integrating different technologies. Rare-earth ions in solids, and in particular Erbium ions, with both optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-05 Faezeh Kimiaee Asadi , Jia-Wei Ji , Christoph Simon

Coherent microwave-to-optical conversion is crucial for transferring quantum information generated in the microwave domain to optical frequencies, where propagation losses can be minimised. Among the various physical platforms that have…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Benjamin D. Smith , Bahar Babaei , Andal Narayanan , Lindsay J. LeBlanc

Frequency conversion between microwave and optical photons is a key enabling technology to create links between superconducting quantum processors and to realize distributed quantum networks. We propose a microwave-optical transduction…

Decades of progress in radiofrequency (RF) transistors and receiver frontends have profoundly impacted wireless communications, remote sensing, navigation, and instrumentation. Growing demands for data throughput in 6G networks, timing…

A microwave-optical transducer of sufficiently low noise and high signal transfer rate would allow entanglement to be distributed between superconducting quantum processors reliably within the lifetimes of their quantum memories. To clarify…

Encoding information onto optical fields is the backbone of modern telecommunication networks. Optical fibers offer low loss transport and vast bandwidth compared to electrical cables, and are currently also replacing coaxial cables for…

Leveraging the quantum information processing ability of superconducting circuits and long-distance distribution ability of optical photons promises the realization of complex and large-scale quantum networks. In such a scheme, a coherent…

In recent development of quantum technologies, a frequency conversion of quantum signals has been studied widely. We investigate the optic-microwave entanglement that is generated by applying an electro-optomechanical frequency conversion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Yonggi Jo , Su-Yong Lee , Yong Sup Ihn , Dongkyu Kim , Zaeill Kim , Duk Y. Kim

Quantum communications technologies require a network of quantum processors connected with low loss and low noise communication channels capable of distributing entangled states. Superconducting microwave qubits operating in cryogenic…

Quantum states encoded in microwave photons or qubits can be effectively manipulated, whereas optical photons can be coherently transferred via optical fibre and waveguide. The reversible conversion of quantum states between microwave and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-20 Lin Tian