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Working from a model of Gaussian pixel noise, we present and unify over twenty-five years of developments in the statistical analysis of the photon transfer conversion gain measurement. We then study a two-sample estimator of the conversion…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-24 Aaron Hendrickson , David P. Haefner , Bradley L. Preece

The applications of automotive cameras in Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) are growing rapidly as automotive manufacturers strive to provide 360 degree protection for their customers. Vision systems must capture high quality images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Shane Gilroy , John O'Dwyer , Lucas Bortoleto

We summarize recent progress in ultrafast Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor development and the application of neural networks for post-processing of CMOS and charge-coupled device (CCD) image data to achieve…

In this paper, an in-pixel chopping technique to reduce the low-frequency or 1/f noise of the source follower (SF) transistor in an active pixel sensor (APS) is presented. The SF low-frequency noise is modulated at higher frequencies…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-08-01 Kapil Jainwal , Mukul Sarkar

In recent years, compressed sensing (CS) based image coding has become a hot topic in image processing field. However, since the bit depth required for encoding each CS sample is too large, the compression performance of this paradigm is…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Bo Zhang , Di Xiao , Lan Wang , Sen Bai , Lei Yang

CCCP, a CCD Controller for Counting Photons, is presented. This new controller uses a totally new clocking architecture and allows to drive the CCD in a novel way. Its design is optimized for the driving of EMCCDs at up to 20MHz of pixel…

In perceptual image coding applications, the main objective is to decrease, as much as possible, Bits Per Pixel (BPP) while avoiding noticeable distortions in the reconstructed image. In this paper, we propose a novel perceptual image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-10 Lee Prangnell , Victor Sanchez

Silicon photodiode based CMOS sensors with backside-illumination for 300 to 1000 nm wavelength range were studied. We showed that a single hole in the photodiode increases the optical efficiency of the pixel. In near-infrared wavelengths,…

The pixel detector is the innermost tracking device in CMS, reconstructing interaction vertices and charged particle trajectories. The sensors located in the innermost layers of the pixel detector must be upgraded for the ten-fold increase…

CMOS pixel sensors with a small collection electrode combine the advantages of a small sensor capacitance with the advantages of a fully monolithic design. The small sensor capacitance results in a large ratio of signal-to-noise and a low…

Image steganography plays a vital role in securing secret data by embedding it in the cover images. Usually, these images are communicated in a compressed format. Existing techniques achieve this but have low embedding capacity. Enhancing…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Rohit Agrawal , Kapil Ahuja

A concept for a novel CMOS image sensor suited for analog image pre-processing is presented in this paper. As an example, an image restoration algorithm for reducing image noise is applied as image pre-processing in the analog domain. To…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Lan Shi , Christopher Soell , Andreas Baenisch , Robert Weigel , Jürgen Seiler , Thomas Ussmueller

We demonstrated a CMOS imaging system that adapts each pixel's exposure and sampling rate to capture high dynamic range (HDR) videos. The system consist of a custom designed image sensor with pixel-wise exposure configurability and a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-25 Jie , Zhang , Jonathan P. Newman , Xiao Wang , Chetan Singh Thakur , John Rattray , Ralph Etienne-Cummings , Matthew A. Wilson

We present a unique application of OxRAM devices in CMOS Image Sensors (CIS) for dynamic range (DR) improvement. We propose a modified 3T-APS (Active Pixel Sensor) circuit that incorporates OxRAM in 1T-1R configuration. DR improvement is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Ashwani Kumar , Mukul Sarkar , Manan Suri

CMOS imagers are becoming increasingly popular in astronomy. A very low noise level is required to observe extremely faint targets and to get high-precision flux measurements. Although CMOS technology offers many advantages over CCDs, a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-15 Swaraj Mahato , Guy Meynants , Gert Raskin , J. De Ridder , H. Van Winckel

This paper introduces a novel method for RGB-Guided Resolution Enhancement of infrared (IR) images called Guided IR Resolution Enhancement (GIRRE). In the area of single image super resolution (SISR) there exists a wide variety of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-13 Marcel Trammer , Nils Genser , Jürgen Seiler

In many applications, such as development and testing of image processing algorithms, it is often necessary to simulate images containing realistic noise from solid-state photosensors. A high-level model of CCD and CMOS photosensors based…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-15 Mikhail Konnik , James Welsh

To understand the scientific imaging capability, one must characterize the intra-pixel sensitivity variation (IPSV) of the CMOS image sensor. Extracting an IPSV map contributes to an improved detector calibration that allows to eliminate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-11 Swaraj Mahato , J. De Ridder , Guy Meynants , Gert Raskin , H. Van Winckel

A prototype of the CMOS pixel sensor named SUPIX-1 has been fabricated and tested in order to investigate the feasibility of a pixelated tracker for a proposed Higgs factory, namely, the Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC). The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-01-05 L. Li , L. Zhang , J. N. Dong , J. Liu , M. Wang

We propose advancing photonic in-memory computing through three-dimensional photonic-electronic integrated circuits using phase-change materials (PCM) and AlGaAs-CMOS technology. These circuits offer high precision (greater than 12 bits),…