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Online services pervasively employ manipulative designs (i.e., dark patterns) to influence users to purchase goods and subscriptions, spend more time on-site, or mindlessly accept the harvesting of their personal data. To protect users from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Kerstin Bongard-Blanchy , Arianna Rossi , Salvador Rivas , Sophie Doublet , Vincent Koenig , Gabriele Lenzini

Mobile user interfaces abundantly feature so-called 'dark patterns'. These deceptive design practices manipulate users' decision making to profit online service providers. While past research on dark patterns mainly focus on visual design,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Chenge Tang , Karthikeya Puttur Venkatraj , Hongbo Liu , Christina Schneegass , Gijs Huisman , Abdallah El Ali

Dark patterns utilize interface elements to trick users into performing unwanted actions. Online shopping websites often employ these manipulative mechanisms so as to increase their potential customer base, to boost their sales, or to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Christian Voigt , Stephan Schlögl , Aleksander Groth

Deceptive/Manipulative Patterns (DMP) are interface designs, also known as ``dark patterns,'' that manipulate user behavior. While considerable attention has been paid to their ethical and legal implications, empirical evidence about their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Brennan Schaffner , Luis Heysen , Marshini Chetty

Dark patterns are deceptive user interface designs for online services that make users behave in unintended ways. Dark patterns, such as privacy invasion, financial loss, and emotional distress, can harm users. These issues have been the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yuki Yada , Tsuneo Matsumoto , Fuyuko Kido , Hayato Yamana

Dark patterns are user interface design choices that benefit an online service by coercing, steering, or deceiving users into making unintended and potentially harmful decisions. We present automated techniques that enable experts to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Arunesh Mathur , Gunes Acar , Michael J. Friedman , Elena Lucherini , Jonathan Mayer , Marshini Chetty , Arvind Narayanan

The study of UX dark patterns, i.e., UI designs that seek to manipulate user behaviors, often for the benefit of online services, has drawn significant attention in the CHI and CSCW communities in recent years. To complement previous…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yuwen Lu , Chao Zhang , Yuewen Yang , Yaxing Yao , Toby Jia-Jun Li

There is a rapidly growing literature on dark patterns, user interface designs -- typically related to shopping or privacy -- that researchers deem problematic. Recent work has been predominantly descriptive, documenting and categorizing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Arunesh Mathur , Jonathan Mayer , Mihir Kshirsagar

Dark patterns in user interfaces represent deceptive design practices intended to manipulate users' behavior, often leading to unintended consequences such as coerced purchases, involuntary data disclosures, or user frustration. Detecting…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Aliyu Umar , Maaruf Lawan , Adamu Lawan , Abdullahi Abdulkadir , Mukhtar Dahiru

Dark patterns are interface designs that nudge users towards behavior that is against their best interests. Since humans are often not even aware that they are influenced by these malicious patterns, research has to identify ways to protect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Philip Hausner , Michael Gertz

Lawmakers around the country are crafting new laws to target "dark patterns" -- user interface designs that trick or coerce users into enabling cell phone location tracking, sharing browsing data, initiating automatic billing, or making…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Gregory M. Dickinson

Dark patterns in online commerce, especially deceptive user interface designs for apps and websites, undermine consumer autonomy and distort online markets. Although sometimes deception is intentional, the complex app development process…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Gregory M. Dickinson

The dark patterns, deceptive interface designs manipulating user behaviors, have been extensively studied for their effects on human decision-making and autonomy. Yet, with the rising prominence of LLM-powered GUI agents that automate tasks…

Mixed Reality (MR) integrates virtual objects with the real world, offering potential but raising concerns about misuse through dark patterns. This study explored the effects of four dark patterns, adapted from prior research, and applied…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Luca-Maxim Meinhardt , Simon Demharter , Michael Rietzler , Mark Colley , Thomas Eßmeyer , Enrico Rukzio

User experience designers are facing increasing scrutiny and criticism for creating harmful technologies, leading to a pushback against unethical design practices. While clear-cut harmful practices such as dark patterns have received…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hauke Sandhaus

As digital interfaces become increasingly prevalent, certain manipulative design elements have emerged that may harm user interests, raising associated ethical concerns and bringing dark patterns into focus as a significant research topic.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Meng Li , Xiang Wang , Liming Nie , Chenglin Li , Yang Liu , Yangyang Zhao , Lei Xue , Kabir Sulaiman Said

Interest in unethical user interfaces has grown in HCI over recent years, with researchers identifying malicious design strategies referred to as ''dark patterns''. While such strategies have been described in numerous domains, we lack a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Thomas Mildner , Merle Freye , Gian-Luca Savino , Philip R. Doyle , Benjamin R. Cowan , Rainer Malaka

Augmented Reality (AR) applications are becoming more mainstream, with successful examples in the mobile environment like Pokemon GO. Current malicious techniques can exploit these environments' immersive and mixed nature (physical-virtual)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Xian Wang , Lik-Hang Lee , Carlos Bermejo Fernandez , Pan Hui

Large language models can influence users through conversation, creating new forms of dark patterns that differ from traditional UX dark patterns. We define LLM dark patterns as manipulative or deceptive behaviors enacted in dialogue.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yike Shi , Qing Xiao , Qing Hu , Hong Shen , Hua Shen

Dark patterns are deceptive user interfaces employed by e-commerce websites to manipulate user's behavior in a way that benefits the website, often unethically. This study investigates the detection of such dark patterns. Existing solutions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Arya Ramteke , Sankalp Tembhurne , Gunesh Sonawane , Ratnmala N. Bhimanpallewar
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