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The dynamics of a shock wave impinging on a transitional high-enthalpy boundary layer out of thermochemical equilibrium is investigated for the first time by means of a direct numerical simulation. The freestream Mach number is equal to 9…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-15 Donatella Passiatore , Luca Sciacovelli , Paola Cinnella , Giuseppe Pascazio

Hypersonic boundary layer transition using high-order methods for direct numerical simulations (DNS) is largely unexplored, although a few references exist in the literature. Experimental data in the hypersonic regime are scarce, while…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-03 Ahmad Peyvan , Luis Bravo , Anindya Ghoshal , Olaf Marxen , George Karniadakis

Results of numerical simulations obtained by a staggered finite difference scheme together with an efficient immersed boundary method are presented to understand the effects of the shape of three-dimensional obstacles on the transition of a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-31 Paolo Orlandi , Sergio Pirozzoli , Matteo Bernardini

Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of a Mach 6 boundary layer over a flat plate is performed to assess the effect of spanwise non-uniform surface temperature on breakdown to turbulence under deterministic forcing. The streamwise location of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-27 L. Boscagli , G. Rigas , P. J. K. Bruce , O. Marxen

The influence of high-enthalpy effects on hypersonic turbulent boundary layers is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations (DNS). A quasi-adiabatic flat-plate air flow at free-stream Mach number equal to 10 is simulated up to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-31 Donatella Passiatore , Luca Sciacovelli , Paola Cinnella , Giuseppe Pascazio

Direct numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of the wall temperature on the behavior of oblique shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions at freestream Mach number $2.28$ and shock angle of the wedge…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-06-15 Matteo Bernardini , Johan Larsson , Sergio Pirozzoli , Francesco Grasso

This experimental and numerical study examines transition to turbulence for a Cone-Cylinder-Flare geometry at Mach 7 and across a broad Reynolds number range. The focus is set on both attached boundary layers and separated shock-boundary…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-09 Clément Caillaud , Mathieu Lugrin , Nicolas Severac , Sébastien Esquieu

Boundary layers of adiabatic and isothermal curved walls are investigated for a supersonic turbine cascade, including the effects of shock-boundary layer interactions (SBLIs). Wall-resolved large eddy simulations (LES) are performed for a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-19 Gabriel Y. R. Hamada , William R. Wolf , Hugo F. S. Lui , Carlos Junqueira-Junior

The objective of the present study is to provide a numerical database of thermal boundary layers and to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of passive scalars at different Prandtl numbers. In this regard, a direct numerical…

Direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations is carried out to investigate the interaction of a conical shock wave with a turbulent boundary layer developing over a flat plate at free-stream Mach number $M_\infty = 2.05$ and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-02 Feng-Yuan Zuo , Antonio Memmolo , Guo-ping Huang , Sergio Pirozzoli

The decompositions of the skin-friction and heat transfer coefficients based on the two-fold repeated integration in hypersonic transitional and turbulent boundary layers are analyzed to explain the generations of the wall skin friction and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-19 Dehao Xu , Jianchun Wang , Shiyi Chen

Supersonic turbulent channels subjected to sudden spanwise acceleration at initial friction Reynolds numbers of approximately 500 and different Mach numbers are studied through direct numerical simulations. The response to the spanwise…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-14 Salvador Rey Gomez

Hypersonic flow conditions pose exceptional challenges for Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence modeling. Critical phenomena include compressibility effects, shock/turbulent boundary layer interactions, turbulence-chemistry…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-30 Pratikkumar Raje , Eric Parish , Jean-Pierre Hickey , Paola Cinnella , Karthik Duraisamy

Wall-cooling effect in hypersonic boundary layers can significantly alter the near-wall turbulence behavior, which is not accurately modeled by traditional RANS turbulence models. To address this shortcoming, this paper presents a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-17 Muhammad I. Zafar , Xuhui Zhou , Christopher J. Roy , David Stelter , Heng Xiao

A direct numerical simulation of an oblique shock wave impinging on a turbulent boundary layer at Mach number 2.28 is carried out at moderate Reynolds number, simulating flow conditions similar to those of the experiment by Dupont et al.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-25 Matteo Bernardini , Giacomo Della Posta , Francesco Salvadore , Emanuele Martelli

The turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate is computed by direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations as a test bed for a synthetic turbulence generator (STG) inflow boundary condition. The inlet…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-15 James R. Wright , Riccardo Balin , John W. Patterson , John A. Evans , Kenneth E. Jansen

The objective of this work is to investigate the unexplored laminar-to-turbulent transition of a heated flat-plate boundary layer with a fluid at supercritical pressure. Two temperature ranges are considered: a subcritical case, where the…

The turbulent boundary layer over a Gaussian shaped bump is computed by direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The two-dimensional bump causes a series of strong pressure gradients alternating in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-19 Riccardo Balin , Kenneth E. Jansen

We perform direct numerical simulations of shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions (SBLI) at Mach number M = 1.7 to investigate the influence of the state of the incoming boundary layer on the interaction properties. We reproduce and extend…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-18 Russell Quadros , Matteo Bernardini

Surface roughness significantly impacts transition to turbulence, especially over high-speed, blunt geometries where surface ablation is necessary to mitigate heat loads during atmospheric entry. Inspired by sand-grain roughness experiments…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-04 Sean Dungan , Mateus Braga , Robyn Macdonald , Christoph Brehm
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