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Physiological stress fundamentally alters disease susceptibility in aquatic environments. In this paper, we develop a stress-structured epidemiological model where host vulnerability is dynamically driven by water quality. Analytically, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-10 Clotilde Djuikem , Julien Arino

The fundamental models of epidemiology describe the progression of an infectious disease through a population using compartmentalized differential equations, but do not incorporate population-level heterogeneity in infection susceptibility.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-04 Christopher Rose , Andrew J. Medford , C. Franklin Goldsmith , Tejs Vegge , Joshua S. Weitz , Andrew A. Peterson

We study two simple mathematical models of the epidemic. At first, we study the repetitive infection spreading in a simplified SIRS model including the effect of the decay of the acquired immune. The model is an intermediate model of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-13 Hidetsugu Sakaguchi , Keito Yamasaki

We present and analyze a mathematical model to study the feedback between behavior and epidemic spread in a population that is actively assessing and reacting to risk of infection. In our model, a population dynamically forms an opinion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Marcela Ordorica Arango , Anastasia Bizyaeva , Simon A. Levin , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

We study an epidemic model for a constant population by taking into account four compartments of the individuals characterizing their states of health. Each individual is in one of the compartments susceptible (S); incubated - infected yet…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-20 Teo Granger , Thomas M. Michelitsch , Michael Bestehorn , Alejandro P. Riascos , Bernard A. Collet

The viral load is known to be a chief predictor of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. In this work, we investigate the role of the individuals' viral load in the disease transmission by proposing a new…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-29 Rossella Della Marca , Nadia Loy , Andrea Tosin

Human pathogens transmitted through environmental pathways are subject to stress and pressures outside of the host. These pressures may cause pathogen pathovars to diverge in their environmental persistence and their infectivity on an…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-16 Andrew F. Brouwer , Marisa C. Eisenberg , Nancy G. Love , Joseph N. S. Eisenberg

In this paper, we consider a compartmental SIRS epidemic model with asymptomatic infection and seasonal succession, which is a periodic discontinuous differential system. The basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_0$ is defined and valuated…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-08-15 Yilei Tang , Dongmei Xiao , Weinian Zhang , Di Zhu

We study an individual-based stochastic epidemic model in which infected individuals become susceptible again following each infection. In contrast to classical compartment models, after each infection, the infectivity is a random function…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Raphaël Forien , Guodong Pang , Étienne Pardoux , Arsene Brice Zotsa-Ngoufack

In this paper, we are concerned with two SIS epidemic reaction-diffusion models with mass action infection mechanism of the form $SI$, and study the spatial profile of population distribution as the movement rate of the infected individuals…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-04 Rui Peng , Zhi-an Wang , Guanghui Zhang , Maolin Zhou

We propose a system theoretic approach to select and stabilize the endemic equilibrium of an SIRS epidemic model in which the decisions of a population of strategically interacting agents determine the transmission rate. Specifically, the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-26 Nuno C. Martins , Jair Certorio , Richard J. La

In contrast to the common assumption in epidemic models that the rate of infection between individuals is constant, in reality, an individual's viral load determines their infectiousness. We compare the average and individual reproductive…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-07 Nicholas Landry

Understanding infectious disease spread remains a critical public health challenge, particularly given the interplay between household dynamics and community transmission patterns. Traditional epidemiological models often oversimplify these…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Houda Yaqine , Christiane Fuchs

We introduce an epidemic model with varying infectivity and general exposed and infectious periods, where the infectivity of each individual is a random function of the elapsed time since infection, those function being i.i.d. for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Raphael Forien , Guodong Pang , Etienne Pardoux

In a collection of particles performing independent random walks on $\mathbb Z^d$ we study the spread of an infection with SIR dynamics. Susceptible particles become infected when they meet an infected particle. Infected particles heal and…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-14 Duncan Dauvergne , Allan Sly

The SIR model is the cornerstone model for mathematical epidemiology, explaining key epidemic features such as the second-order transition between disease-free and epidemic states, the initial exponential growth of outbreaks or the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-20 Santiago Lamata-Otín , Alex Arenas , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes , David Soriano-Paños

The duration, type and structure of connections between individuals in real-world populations play a crucial role in how diseases invade and spread. Here, we incorporate the aforementioned heterogeneities into a model by considering a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-05 Rosanna C Barnard , Istvan Z Kiss , Luc Berthouze , Joel C Miller

This paper considers a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) epidemic reaction-diffusion model with no-flux boundary conditions and varying total population. The interaction of the susceptible and infected people is describe by the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-12-13 Rui Peng , Rachidi B. Salako , Yixiang Wu

We introduce a modified SIR model with memory for the dynamics of epidemic spreading in a constant population of individuals. Each individual is in one of the states susceptible (${\bf S}$), infected (${\bf I}$) or recovered (${\bf R}$). In…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-03 Michael Bestehorn , Thomas M. Michelitsch , Bernard A. Collet , Alejandro P. Riascos , Andrzej F. Nowakowski

In this work we review a class of deterministic nonlinear models for the propagation of infectious diseases over contact networks with strongly-connected topologies. We consider network models for susceptible-infected (SI),…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Wenjun Mei , Shadi Mohagheghi , Sandro Zampieri , Francesco Bullo