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We address the problem of one-to-many mappings in supervised learning, where a single instance has many different solutions of possibly equal cost. The framework of conditional variational autoencoders describes a class of methods to tackle…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-11 Alexej Klushyn , Nutan Chen , Botond Cseke , Justin Bayer , Patrick van der Smagt

Current methods for learning graphical models with latent variables and a fixed structure estimate optimal values for the model parameters. Whereas this approach usually produces overfitting and suboptimal generalization performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Hagai Attias

Hidden variable graphical models can sometimes imply constraints on the observable distribution that are more complex than simple conditional independence relations. These observable constraints can falsify assumptions of the model that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Michael C. Sachs , Erin E. Gabriel , Robin J. Evans , Arvid Sjölander

We present a novel, conditional generative probabilistic model of set-valued data with a tractable log density. This model is a continuous normalizing flow governed by permutation equivariant dynamics. These dynamics are driven by a…

Statistical inference for exponential-family models of random graphs with dependent edges is challenging. We stress the importance of additional structure and show that additional structure facilitates statistical inference. A simple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-13 Michael Schweinberger , Jonathan Stewart

Latent variable models are an elegant framework for capturing rich probabilistic dependencies in many applications. However, current approaches typically parametrize these models using conditional probability tables, and learning relies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Ankur P. Parikh , Le Song , Mariya Ishteva , Gabi Teodoru , Eric P. Xing

In learned image compression, probabilistic models play an essential role in characterizing the distribution of latent variables. The Gaussian model with mean and scale parameters has been widely used for its simplicity and effectiveness.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Haotian Zhang , Li Li , Dong Liu

We propose a probabilistic graphical model realizing a minimal encoding of real variables dependencies based on possibly incomplete observation and an empirical cumulative distribution function per variable. The target application is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-08-28 Victorin Martin , Jean-Marc Lasgouttes , Cyril Furtlehner

Neural Processes (NPs) are appealing due to their ability to perform fast adaptation based on a context set. This set is encoded by a latent variable, which is often assumed to follow a simple distribution. However, in real-word settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Dharmesh Tailor , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan , Eric Nalisnick

The graphical lasso is a widely used algorithm for fitting undirected Gaussian graphical models. However, for inference on functionals of edge values in the learned graph, standard tools lack formal statistical guarantees, such as control…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-01 Sofia Guglielmini , Gerda Claeskens , Snigdha Panigrahi

In this paper, we learn dynamics models for parametrized families of dynamical systems with varying properties. The dynamics models are formulated as stochastic processes conditioned on a latent context variable which is inferred from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jan Achterhold , Joerg Stueckler

In this paper, we focus on statistical region-based active contour models where image features (e.g. intensity) are random variables whose distribution belongs to some parametric family (e.g. exponential) rather than confining ourselves to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2008-05-22 François Lecellier , Stéphanie Jehan-Besson , Jalal Fadili , Gilles Aubert , Marinette Revenu

The standard margin-based structured prediction commonly uses a maximum loss over all possible structured outputs. The large-margin formulation including latent variables not only results in a non-convex formulation but also increases the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Kevin Bello , Jean Honorio

Exponential family Random Graph Models (ERGMs) can be viewed as expressing a probability distribution on graphs arising from the action of competing social forces that make ties more or less likely, depending on the state of the rest of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Yue Yu , Gianmarc Grazioli , Nolan E. Phillips , Carter T. Butts

Addressing selection bias in latent variable causal discovery is important yet underexplored, largely due to a lack of suitable statistical tools: While various tools beyond basic conditional independencies have been developed to handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Haoyue Dai , Yiwen Qiu , Ignavier Ng , Xinshuai Dong , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

We outline a representation for discrete multivariate distributions in terms of interventional potential functions that are globally normalized. This representation can be used to model the effects of interventions, and the independence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-05-14 Mark Schmidt , Kevin Murphy

This thesis studies two problems in modern statistics. First, we study selective inference, or inference for hypothesis that are chosen after looking at the data. The motiving application is inference for regression coefficients selected by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-02 Jason D. Lee

The empirical risk minimization approach to data-driven decision making requires access to training data drawn under the same conditions as those that will be faced when the decision rule is deployed. However, in a number of settings, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Roshni Sahoo , Lihua Lei , Stefan Wager

We present a latent variable model for classification that provides a novel probabilistic interpretation of neural network softmax classifiers. We derive a variational objective to train the model, analogous to the evidence lower bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Shehzaad Dhuliawala , Mrinmaya Sachan , Carl Allen

Deep latent variable models learn condensed representations of data that, hopefully, reflect the inner workings of the studied phenomena. Unfortunately, these latent representations are not statistically identifiable, meaning they cannot be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Stas Syrota , Yevgen Zainchkovskyy , Johnny Xi , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy , Søren Hauberg