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This article describes a simple Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model fitting with COVID-19 data for the month of march 2020 in New York (NY) state. The model is a classical SIR, but is non-autonomous; the rate of susceptible people…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-11 Benjamin Ambrosio , M. A. Aziz-Alaoui

A susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) model assumes spatial-/time-varying coefficients to model the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the regional and temporal distribution of COVID-19 disease epidemics. A…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Huan Zhou , Ralf Schneider

Mathematical models of infectious diseases exhibit robust dynamics such as stable endemic or a disease-free equilibrium, or convergence of the solutions to periodic epidemic waves. The present work shows that the accuracy of such dynamics…

Applications · Statistics 2022-05-04 Hadeel AlQadi , Majid Bani-Yaghoub

In this paper, a generalized fractional-order SEIR model is proposed, denoted by SEIQRP model, which has a basic guiding significance for the prediction of the possible outbreak of infectious diseases like COVID-19 and other insect diseases…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-30 Conghui Xu , Yongguang Yu , QuanChen Yang , Zhenzhen Lu

Highly-interconnected societies difficult to model the spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Single-region SIR models fail to account for incoming forces of infection and expanding them to a large number of interacting regions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Adrian Rojas-Campos , Lukas Stelz , Pascal Nieters

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world, it is of critical significance to provide a timely risk prediction of the COVID-19 in multi-level. To implement it and evaluate the public health policies, we develop a framework with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-12-02 Lingxiao Wang , Tian Xu , Till Hannes Stoecker , Horst Stoecker , Yin Jiang , Kai Zhou

The Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemiological model is one of the standard models of disease spreading. Here we analyse an extended SEIR model that accounts for asymptomatic carriers, believed to play an important role…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-26 Arghya Das , Abhishek Dhar , Srashti Goyal , Anupam Kundu , Saurav Pandey

Strategies adopted globally to mitigate the threat of COVID-19 have primarily involved lockdown measures with substantial economic and social costs with varying degrees of success. Morbidity patterns of COVID-19 variants have a strong…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-19 Fatima-Zahra Jaouimaa , Daniel Dempsey , Suzanne van Osch , Stephen Kinsella , Kevin Burke , Jason Wyse , James Sweeney

Pandemic(epidemic) modeling, aiming at disease spreading analysis, has always been a popular research topic especially following the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019. Some representative models including SIR-based deep learning prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Danfeng Guo , Zijie Huang , Junheng Hao , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang , Demetri Terzopoulos

Infectious disease forecasting has been a key focus and proved to be crucial in controlling epidemic. A recent trend is to develop forecast-ing models based on graph neural networks (GNNs). However, existing GNN-based methods suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Mingjie Qiu , Zhiyi Tan , Bing-kun Bao

We consider Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) models on dense dynamic random graphs, in which the joint dynamics of vertices and edges are co-evolutionary, i.e., they influence each other bidirectionally. In particular, edges appear and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Simone Baldassarri , Peter Braunsteins , Frank den Hollander , Michel Mandjes

The current global health emergency triggered by the pandemic COVID-19 is one of the greatest challenges mankind face in this generation. Computational simulations have played an important role to predict the development of the current…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-11 Kok Yew Ng , Meei Mei Gui

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for quantitative modeling and analysis to understand real-world disease dynamics. In particular, post hoc analyses using compartmental models offer valuable insights into the effectiveness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Phillip Rothenbeck , Sai Karthikeya Vemuri , Niklas Penzel , Joachim Denzler

In the recent COVID-19 pandemic we assisted at a sequence of epidemic waves intertwined by anomalous fade-outs with periods of low but persistent epidemic prevalence. These long-living epidemic states complicate epidemic control and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-27 Javier Aguilar , Beatriz Arregui García , Raúl Toral , Sandro Meloni , Jose J. Ramasco

We propose an epidemiological model using an adaptive dynamic three compartment (with four states) SIR(D) model. Our approach is similar to non-parametric curve fitting in spirit and automatically adapts to key external factors, such as…

Applications · Statistics 2020-09-14 Madhuchhanda Bhattacharjee , Arup Bose

In this paper, we propose a Susceptible-Infected-Removal (SIR) model with time fused coefficients. In particular, our proposed model discovers the underlying time homogeneity pattern for the SIR model's transmission rate and removal rate…

Applications · Statistics 2021-03-11 Hou-Cheng Yang , Yishu Xue , Yuqing Pan , Qingyang Liu , Guanyu Hu

During 2020, the infection rate of COVID-19 has been investigated by many scholars from different research fields. In this context, reliable and interpretable forecasts of disease incidents are a vital tool for policymakers to manage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Cornelius Fritz , Emilio Dorigatti , David Rügamer

Accurate forecasting of contagious diseases is critical for public health policymaking and pandemic preparedness. We propose a new infectious disease forecasting model based on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), an emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Ying Qian , Kui Zhang , Éric Marty , Avranil Basu , Eamon B. O'Dea , Xianqiao Wang , Spencer Fox , Pejman Rohani , John M. Drake , He Li

Accurate epidemic forecasting is critical for informing public health decisions and timely interventions. While Physics-Informed Neural Networks have shown promise in various scientific domains, their potential application to real-time…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-20 Martina Rama , Gabriele Santin , Giulia Cencetti , Michele Tizzoni , Bruno Lepri

We present three data driven model-types for COVID-19 with a minimal number of parameters to provide insights into the spread of the disease that may be used for developing policy responses. The first is exponential growth, widely studied…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-25 Andrea L. Bertozzi , Elisa Franco , George Mohler , Martin B. Short , Daniel Sledge