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Deep learning has become an increasingly common technique for various control problems, such as robotic arm manipulation, robot navigation, and autonomous vehicles. However, the downside of using deep neural networks to learn control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Sampo Kuutti , Saber Fallah , Richard Bowden

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) promise efficient, clean and cost-effective transportation systems, but their reliance on sensors, wireless communications, and decision-making systems makes them vulnerable to cyberattacks and physical threats.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Chieh Tsai , Murad Mehrab Abrar , Salim Hariri

We propose a new real-world attack against the computer vision based systems of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Our novel Sign Embedding attack exploits the concept of adversarial examples to modify innocuous signs and advertisements in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Chawin Sitawarin , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Arsalan Mosenia , Prateek Mittal , Mung Chiang

Recently, it has been shown that deep neural networks (DNN) are subject to attacks through adversarial samples. Adversarial samples are often crafted through adversarial perturbation, i.e., manipulating the original sample with minor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Jingyi Wang , Jun Sun , Peixin Zhang , Xinyu Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has demonstrated remarkable success in developing autonomous driving policies. However, its vulnerability to adversarial attacks remains a critical barrier to real-world deployment. Although existing robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junchao Fan , Qi Wei , Ruichen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Yang Lu , Jianhua Wang , Xiaolin Chang , Bo Ai

Autonomous driving is a challenging scenario for image segmentation due to the presence of uncontrolled environmental conditions and the eventually catastrophic consequences of failures. Previous work suggested that a biologically motivated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Pablo Hernández-Cámara , Jorge Vila-Tomás , Paula Dauden-Oliver , Nuria Alabau-Bosque , Valero Laparra , Jesús Malo

Adversarial attacks in the physical world can harm the robustness of detection models. Evaluating the robustness of detection models in the physical world can be challenging due to the time-consuming and labor-intensive nature of many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Tianyuan Zhang , Yisong Xiao , Xiaoya Zhang , Hao Li , Lu Wang

With recent advances in learning algorithms and hardware development, autonomous cars have shown promise when operating in structured environments under good driving conditions. However, for complex, cluttered and unseen environments with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Junyao Guo , Unmesh Kurup , Mohak Shah

High-definition maps provide precise environmental information essential for prediction and planning in autonomous driving systems. Due to the high cost of labeling and maintenance, recent research has turned to online HD map construction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yang Lou , Haibo Hu , Qun Song , Qian Xu , Yi Zhu , Rui Tan , Wei-Bin Lee , Jianping Wang

Numerous safety- or security-critical systems depend on cameras to perceive their surroundings, further allowing artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze the captured images to make important decisions. However, a concerning attack vector…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Youqian Zhang , Michael Cheung , Chunxi Yang , Xinwei Zhai , Zitong Shen , Xinyu Ji , Eugene Y. Fu , Sze-Yiu Chau , Xiapu Luo

Enabling autonomous driving (AD) can be considered one of the biggest challenges in today's technology. AD is a complex task accomplished by several functionalities, with environment perception being one of its core functions. Environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Andreas Bär , Jonas Löhdefink , Nikhil Kapoor , Serin J. Varghese , Fabian Hüger , Peter Schlicht , Tim Fingscheidt

Keyless entry systems in cars are adopting neural networks for localizing its operators. Using test-time adversarial defences equip such systems with the ability to defend against adversarial attacks without prior training on adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Abhiram Kolli , Muhammad Jehanzeb Mirza , Horst Possegger , Horst Bischof

Recent studies show that the state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, resulting from small-magnitude perturbations added to the input. Given that that emerging physical systems are using DNNs in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Kevin Eykholt , Ivan Evtimov , Earlence Fernandes , Bo Li , Amir Rahmati , Chaowei Xiao , Atul Prakash , Tadayoshi Kohno , Dawn Song

Modern self-driving perception systems have been shown to improve upon processing complementary inputs such as LiDAR with images. In isolation, 2D images have been found to be extremely vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Yet, there have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-10 James Tu , Huichen Li , Xinchen Yan , Mengye Ren , Yun Chen , Ming Liang , Eilyan Bitar , Ersin Yumer , Raquel Urtasun

Despite all the challenges and limitations, vision-based vehicle speed detection is gaining research interest due to its great potential benefits such as cost reduction, and enhanced additional functions. As stated in a recent survey [1],…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Antonio Hernández Martínez , Javier Lorenzo Díaz , Iván García Daza , David Fernández Llorca

Lane change decision-making for autonomous vehicles is a complex but high-reward behavior. In this paper, we propose a hybrid input based deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, which realizes abstract lane change decisions and lane…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ziteng Gao , Jiaqi Qu , Chaoyu Chen

An efficient path planner for autonomous car-like vehicles should handle the strong kinematic constraints, particularly in confined spaces commonly encountered while maneuvering in city traffic, and should enable rapid planning, as the city…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Piotr Kicki , Tomasz Gawron , Piotr Skrzypczyński

Deep neural networks have become widely used, obtaining remarkable results in domains such as computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, audio recognition, social network filtering, machine translation, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Divya Gopinath , Guy Katz , Corina S. Pasareanu , Clark Barrett

One major factor impeding more widespread adoption of deep neural networks (DNNs) is their lack of robustness, which is essential for safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving. This has motivated much recent work on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Abdullah Hamdi , Matthias Müller , Bernard Ghanem

Autonomous flying robots, e.g. multirotors, often rely on a neural network that makes predictions based on a camera image. These deep learning (DL) models can compute surprising results if applied to input images outside the training…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Pia Hanfeld , Marina M. -C. Höhne , Michael Bussmann , Wolfgang Hönig