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Normalization layers and activation functions are fundamental components in deep networks and typically co-locate with each other. Here we propose to design them using an automated approach. Instead of designing them separately, we unify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Hanxiao Liu , Andrew Brock , Karen Simonyan , Quoc V. Le

We develop a mean field theory for batch normalization in fully-connected feedforward neural networks. In so doing, we provide a precise characterization of signal propagation and gradient backpropagation in wide batch-normalized networks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Greg Yang , Jeffrey Pennington , Vinay Rao , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Samuel S. Schoenholz

We seek to improve deep neural networks by generalizing the pooling operations that play a central role in current architectures. We pursue a careful exploration of approaches to allow pooling to learn and to adapt to complex and variable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-13 Chen-Yu Lee , Patrick W. Gallagher , Zhuowen Tu

Adapting a model to perform well on unforeseen data outside its training set is a common problem that continues to motivate new approaches. We demonstrate that application of batch normalization in the output layer, prior to softmax…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Matthew R. Behrend , Sean M. Robinson

Recently, combinations of generative and Bayesian machine learning have been introduced in particle physics for both fast detector simulation and inference tasks. These neural networks aim to quantify the uncertainty on the generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sebastian Bieringer , Sascha Diefenbacher , Gregor Kasieczka , Mathias Trabs

We analyze the joint probability distribution on the lengths of the vectors of hidden variables in different layers of a fully connected deep network, when the weights and biases are chosen randomly according to Gaussian distributions, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Philip M. Long , Hanie Sedghi

While modern convolutional neural networks achieve outstanding accuracy on many image classification tasks, they are, compared to humans, much more sensitive to image degradation. Here, we describe a variant of Batch Normalization,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Bojian Yin , Siebren Schaafsma , Henk Corporaal , H. Steven Scholte , Sander M. Bohte

We investigate deep Bayesian neural networks with Gaussian weight priors and a class of ReLU-like nonlinearities. Bayesian neural networks with Gaussian priors are well known to induce an L2, "weight decay", regularization. Our results…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-13 Mariia Vladimirova , Jakob Verbeek , Pablo Mesejo , Julyan Arbel

Normalization techniques have been widely used in the field of deep learning due to their capability of enabling higher learning rates and are less careful in initialization. However, the effectiveness of popular normalization technologies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Afifa Khaled , Chao Li , Jia Ning , Kun He

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

Riemannian neural networks have proven effective in solving a variety of machine learning tasks. The key to their success lies in the development of principled Riemannian analogs of fundamental building blocks in deep neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xuan Son Nguyen , Nistor Grozavu

Deep Gaussian Processes learn probabilistic data representations for supervised learning by cascading multiple Gaussian Processes. While this model family promises flexible predictive distributions, exact inference is not tractable.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-23 Jakob Lindinger , David Reeb , Christoph Lippert , Barbara Rakitsch

Domain generalization aims at training machine learning models to perform robustly across different and unseen domains. Several recent methods use multiple datasets to train models to extract domain-invariant features, hoping to generalize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Mattia Segu , Alessio Tonioni , Federico Tombari

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in incorporating neural networks into particle filters, e.g. differentiable particle filters, to perform joint sequential state estimation and model learning for non-linear non-Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Xiongjie Chen , Yunpeng Li

In this paper, we study normalization methods for neural networks from the perspective of elimination singularity. Elimination singularities correspond to the points on the training trajectory where neurons become consistently deactivated.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Siyuan Qiao , Huiyu Wang , Chenxi Liu , Wei Shen , Alan Yuille

Variational inference with a factorized Gaussian posterior estimate is a widely used approach for learning parameters and hidden variables. Empirically, a regularizing effect can be observed that is poorly understood. In this work, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Julius Kunze , Louis Kirsch , Hippolyt Ritter , David Barber

Generalization of deep neural networks remains one of the main open problems in machine learning. Previous theoretical works focused on deriving tight bounds of model complexity, while empirical works revealed that neural networks exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 James Wang , Cheng-Lin Yang

We study the regularisation induced in neural networks by Gaussian noise injections (GNIs). Though such injections have been extensively studied when applied to data, there have been few studies on understanding the regularising effect they…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-20 Alexander Camuto , Matthew Willetts , Umut Şimşekli , Stephen Roberts , Chris Holmes

Understanding capabilities and limitations of different network architectures is of fundamental importance to machine learning. Bayesian inference on Gaussian processes has proven to be a viable approach for studying recurrent and deep…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-10-17 Kai Segadlo , Bastian Epping , Alexander van Meegen , David Dahmen , Michael Krämer , Moritz Helias

As the deep neural networks are being applied to complex tasks, the size of the networks and architecture increases and their topology becomes more complicated too. At the same time, training becomes slow and at some instances inefficient.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Massimiliano Esposito , Nader Ganaba