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In the second part of our work on observables we have shown that quantum observables in the sense of von Neumann, i.e.bounded selfadjoint operators in some von Neumann subalgebra $R$ of $L(H)$, can be represented as bounded continuous…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans F. de Groote

Quantum instruments describe outcome probability as well as state change induced by measurement of a quantum system. Incompatibility of two instruments, i. e. the impossibility to realize them simultaneously on a given quantum system,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Leevi Leppäjärvi , Michal Sedlák

Three notions of complementarity - operational, probabilistic, and value complementarity - are reanalysed with respect to the question of joint measurements and compared with reference to some examples of canonically conjugate observables.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 P. Busch , P. J. Lahti

The fact that there are quantum observables without a simultaneous measurement is one of the fundamental characteristics of quantum mechanics. In this work we expand the concept of joint measurability to all kinds of possible measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-19 Teiko Heinosaari , Takayuki Miyadera , Daniel Reitzner

Studying sequential measurements is of the utmost importance to both the foundational aspects of quantum theory and the practical implementations of quantum technologies, with both of these applications being abstractly described by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 Leevi Leppäjärvi , Michal Sedlák

Simultaneous decoherence of conjugate observables of an open quantum system leads to a classical statistical mechanical description with constant phase space probability density in terms of a uniform ensemble. We investigate a scenario…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 S. Adarsh , P. N. Bala Subramanian , Sreeraj T. P

We study joint measurability of quantum observables in open systems governed by a master equation of Lindblad form. We briefly review the historical perspective of open systems and conceptual aspects of quantum measurements, focusing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Jukka Kiukas , Pekka Lahti , Juha-Pekka Pellonpää

Generalized quantum instruments correspond to measurements where the input and output are either states or more generally quantum circuits. These measurements describe any quantum protocol including games, communications, and algorithms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-31 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti , Michal Sedlak

This paper considers a generalization of the notion of quantum observables in ontological models of quantum mechanics. Within this framework it is possible to construct physical models where quantum noncommutativity can arise dynamically.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-12 Tung Ten Yong

Generally, the measurement process consists in coupling a system to a detector that can give a continuous output. However, it may be interesting to use as a detector a system with a discrete spectrum, especially in view of applications to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-06 Antonio Di Lorenzo

Quantum coherence is a fundamental property of quantum systems, separating quantum from classical physics. Recently, there has been significant interest in the characterization of quantum coherence as a resource, investigating how coherence…

Observables of quantum or classical mechanics form algebras called quantum or classical Hamilton algebras respectively (Grgin E and Petersen A (1974) {\it J Math Phys} {\bf 15} 764\cite{grginpetersen}, Sahoo D (1977) {\it Pramana} {\bf 8}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Debendranath Sahoo

We discuss hybrid systems in which a mechanical oscillator is coupled to another (microscopic) quantum system, such as trapped atoms or ions, solid-state spin qubits, or superconducting devices. We summarize and compare different coupling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-07 Philipp Treutlein , Claudiu Genes , Klemens Hammerer , Martino Poggio , Peter Rabl

The notion coexistence of quantum observables was introduced to describe the possibility of measuring two or more observables together. Here we survey the various different formalisations of this notion and their connections. We review…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 P. Busch , J. Kiukas , P. Lahti

The advent of cloud quantum computing has led to the rapid development of quantum algorithms. In particular, it is necessary to study variational quantum-classical hybrid algorithms, which are executable on noisy intermediate-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-02 Ikko Hamamura , Takashi Imamichi

The paper reviews and discusses four ideas scattered in previous papers of the author. First, objective properties of quantum systems are not associated with observables but are defined by preparations. Second, measurable results of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-29 Petr Hajicek

In this work we discuss the notion of observable - both quantum and classical - from a new point of view. In classical mechanics, an observable is represented as a function (measurable, continuous or smooth), whereas in (von Neumann's…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans F. de Groote

Measurement models (MMs) stand at the highest structural level of quantum measurement theory. MMs can be employed to construct instruments which stand at the next level. An instrument is thought of as an apparatus that is used to measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Stan Gudder

Similarly to quantum states, also quantum measurements can be "mixed", corresponding to a random choice within an ensemble of measuring apparatuses. Such mixing is equivalent to a sort of hidden variable, which produces a noise of purely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paoloplacido Lo Presti , Paolo Perinotti

In quantum information processing quantum operations are often processed alongside measurements which result in classical data. Due to the information gain of classical measurement outputs non-unitary dynamical processes can take place on…