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Optimization is essential in deep learning. The foundational method upon which most optimizers are built is momentum-based stochastic gradient descent. However, it suffers from two key drawbacks. First, it has noisy and varying gradients,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Saurabh Saini , Kapil Ahuja , Thomas Wick , Saurav Kumar

Recent work has established an empirically successful framework for adapting learning rates for stochastic gradient descent (SGD). This effectively removes all needs for tuning, while automatically reducing learning rates over time on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-28 Tom Schaul , Yann LeCun

The learning rate is an important tuning parameter for stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and can greatly influence its performance. However, appropriate selection of a learning rate schedule across all iterations typically requires a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nikola Surjanovic , Alexandre Bouchard-Côté , Trevor Campbell

Machine learning algorithms aim to find patterns from observations, which may include some noise, especially in robotics domain. To perform well even with such noise, we expect them to be able to detect outliers and discard them when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Wendyam Eric Lionel Ilboudo , Taisuke Kobayashi , Kenji Sugimoto

Gradient descent based optimization methods are the methods of choice to train deep neural networks in machine learning. Beyond the standard gradient descent method, also suitable modified variants of standard gradient descent involving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

Optimization algorithms for solving nonconvex inverse problem have attracted significant interests recently. However, existing methods require the nonconvex regularization to be smooth or simple to ensure convergence. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Qingchao Zhang , Xiaojing Ye , Hongcheng Liu , Yunmei Chen

This paper proposes a stochastic gradient descent method with an adaptive Gaussian noise term for the global minimization of nearly convex functions, which are nonconvex and possess multiple strict local minimizers. The noise term,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Chenglong Bao , Liang Chen , Weizhi Shao

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), a widely used optimization algorithm in deep learning, is often limited to converging to local optima due to the non-convex nature of the problem. Leveraging these local optima to improve model performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Hao Chen , Yusen Wu , Phuong Nguyen , Chao Liu , Yelena Yesha

Optimizing machine learning algorithms that are used to solve the objective function has been of great interest. Several approaches to optimize common algorithms, such as gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent, were explored. One…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Hilal AlQuabeh , Farha AlBreiki , Dilshod Azizov

Adaptive gradient methods such as AdaGrad and its variants update the stepsize in stochastic gradient descent on the fly according to the gradients received along the way; such methods have gained widespread use in large-scale optimization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-20 Rachel Ward , Xiaoxia Wu , Leon Bottou

Deep neural networks (DNN) are typically optimized using stochastic gradient descent (SGD). However, the estimation of the gradient using stochastic samples tends to be noisy and unreliable, resulting in large gradient variance and bad…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Xingyi Yang

Novel coordinate descent (CD) methods are proposed for minimizing nonconvex functions consisting of three terms: (i) a continuously differentiable term, (ii) a simple convex term, and (iii) a concave and continuous term. First, by extending…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-15 Qi Deng , Chenghao Lan

Learning an efficient update rule from data that promotes rapid learning of new tasks from the same distribution remains an open problem in meta-learning. Typically, previous works have approached this issue either by attempting to train a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Sebastian Flennerhag , Andrei A. Rusu , Razvan Pascanu , Francesco Visin , Hujun Yin , Raia Hadsell

Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent method (AGD) is a seminal deterministic first-order method known to achieve the optimal order of iteration complexity for solving convex smooth optimization problems. Two distinct sequences of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Yan Wu , Yipeng Zhang , Lu Liu , Yuyuan Ouyang

We present a manifestly covariant formulation of the gradient descent method, ensuring consistency across arbitrary coordinate systems and general curved trainable spaces. The optimization dynamics is defined using a covariant force vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Dmitry Guskov , Vitaly Vanchurin

Following the introduction of Adam, several novel adaptive optimizers for deep learning have been proposed. These optimizers typically excel in some tasks but may not outperform Adam uniformly across all tasks. In this work, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Kaan Ozkara , Can Karakus , Parameswaran Raman , Mingyi Hong , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton , Volkan Cevher

This paper proposes the Nerual Energy Descent (NED) via neural network evolution equations for a wide class of deep learning problems. We show that deep learning can be reformulated as the evolution of network parameters in an evolution…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Wenrui Hao , Chunmei Wang , Xingjian Xu , Haizhao Yang

When applied to training deep neural networks, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) often incurs steady progression phases, interrupted by catastrophic episodes in which loss and gradient norm explode. A possible mitigation of such events is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-06 Alice Schoenauer-Sebag , Marc Schoenauer , Michèle Sebag

This work establishes new convergence guarantees for gradient descent in smooth convex optimization via a computer-assisted analysis technique. Our theory allows nonconstant stepsize policies with frequent long steps potentially violating…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Benjamin Grimmer

Randomly initialized first-order optimization algorithms are the method of choice for solving many high-dimensional nonconvex problems in machine learning, yet general theoretical guarantees cannot rule out convergence to critical points of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Dar Gilboa , Sam Buchanan , John Wright