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Related papers: Mesoscale phase separation of chromatin in the nuc…

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Chromatin is known to be organized into multiple domains of varying sizes and compaction. While these domains are often imagined as static structures, they are highly dynamic and show cell-to-cell variability. Since processes such as gene…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-19 Kiran Kumari , J. Ravi Prakash , Ranjith Padinhateeri

Droplets are essential for spatially controlling biomolecules in cells. To work properly, cells need to control the emergence and morphology of droplets. On the one hand, driven chemical reactions can affect droplets profoundly. For…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-14 Noah Ziethen , David Zwicker

Spatial organization of chromatin plays a critical role in genome regulation. Various types of affinity mediators and enzymes have been attributed to regulate spatial organization of chromatin from a thermodynamics perspective. However, at…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Rakesh Das , Takahiro Sakaue , G. V. Shivashankar , Jacques Prost , Tetsuya Hiraiwa

In the crowded eukaryotic nucleus, euchromatin and heterochromatin segregate into distinct compartments, a phenomenon often attributed to homotypic interactions mediated by liquid liquid phase separation of chromatin associated proteins.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-27 Luming Meng , Boping Liu , Qiong Luo

Essential life processes take place across multiple space and time scales in living organisms but understanding their mechanistic interactions remains an ongoing challenge. Advanced multiscale modeling techniques are providing new…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-08 Achal Mahajan , Erik J. Navarro , William Poole , Carlos F Lopez

Spatiotemporal coordination of chromatin and subnuclear compartments is crucial for cells. Numerous enzymes act inside nucleus\textemdash some of those transiently link and pass two chromatin segments. Here we study how such an active…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Rakesh Das , Takahiro Sakaue , G. V. Shivashankar , Jacques Prost , Tetsuya Hiraiwa

The three dimensional structure of DNA in the nucleus (chromatin) plays an important role in many cellular processes. Recent experimental advances have led to high-throughput methods of capturing information about chromatin conformation on…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2015-11-05 Kevin Emmett , Benjamin Schweinhart , Raul Rabadan

The phase-separation occurring in a system of mutually interacting proteins that can bind on specific sites of a chromatin fiber is here investigated. This is achieved by means of extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations of a simple polymer…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-10-16 Andrea M. Chiariello , Federico Corberi , Mario Salerno

The three-dimensional organization of chromatin is thought to play an important role in controlling gene expression. Specificity in expression is achieved through the interaction of transcription factors and other nuclear proteins with…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Mason N. Rouches , Benjamin B. Machta

Nanoscale chromatin domains, variously termed nucleosome clutches, nanodomains, or packing domains, have emerged as fundamental architectural units of the mammalian genome during interphase and mitosis. Unlike cohesin-dependent loops or…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Vinayak Vinayak , Melike Lakadamyali , Vivek B Shenoy

The nuclear morphology of eukaryotic cells is determined by the interplay between the lamina forming the nuclear skeleton, the chromatin inside the nucleus and the coupling with the cytoskeleton. Nuclear alterations are often associated…

In this paper we have investigated, through computer simulations, dislocation nucleation and dislocation dynamics in a heterostructure system with the lattice-mismatch interface, i.e. a system with internal strain. In particular, we have…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-20 Marco Patriarca , Antti Kuronen , Kimmo Kaski

Cells operate in part by compartmentalizing chemical reactions. For example, recent work has shown that chromatin, the material that contains the cell's genome, can auto-regulate its structure by utilizing reaction products (proteins, RNA)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-30 Sam Wilken , Gabrielle R. Abraham , Omar A. Saleh

We discover a new type of nonequilibrium phase transition in a model of chromatin dynamics, which accounts for the coherent motions that have been observed in experiment. The coherent motion is due to the long-range cooperation of molecular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-27 Iraj Eshghi , Alexanda Zidovska , Alexander Y. Grosberg

Fluid-structure interactions between active and passive components are important for many biological systems to function. A particular example is chromatin in the cell nucleus, where ATP-powered processes drive coherent motions of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-02-15 Scott Weady , David B. Stein , Alexandra Zidovska , Michael J. Shelley

The genome contains genetic information essential for cell's life. The genome's spatial organization inside the cell nucleus is critical for its proper function including gene regulation. The two major genomic compartments -- euchromatin…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-24 S. Alex Rautu , Alexandra Zidovska , David Saintillan , Michael J. Shelley

Probably the most fundamental processes for biological systems is their ability to create themselves through the use of cell division and cell differentiation. In this work a simple physical model is proposed for biological cell division.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2010-06-22 Eshel Faraggi

In this paper a lattice model for diffusional transport of particles in the interphase cell nucleus is proposed. Dense networks of chromatin fibers are created by three different methods: randomly distributed, non-interconnected obstacles,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Annika Wedemeier , Holger Merlitz , Chen-Xu Wu , Jörg Langowski

Phase separation plays an role in determining the self-assembly of biological and soft-matter systems. In biological systems, liquid-liquid phase separation inside a cell leads to the formation of various macromolecular aggregates. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-26 Tanmay Biswas , Gerhard Kahl , Gaurav P. Shrivastav

Chromatin and associated proteins constitute the highly folded structure of chromosomes. We consider a self-avoiding polymer model of the chromatin, segments of which may get cross-linked via protein binders that repel each other. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-13 Amit Kumar , Debasish Chaudhuri