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Related papers: Recipes for Safety in Open-domain Chatbots

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We investigate and observe the behaviour and performance of Large Language Model (LLM)-backed chatbots in addressing misinformed prompts and questions with demographic information within the domains of Climate Change and Mental Health.…

Ensuring human safety in collaborative robotics can compromise efficiency because traditional safety measures increase robot cycle time when human interaction is frequent. This paper proposes a safety-aware approach to mitigate efficiency…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-22 M. Faroni , A. Spano , A. M. Zanchettin , P. Rocco

Topic models are widely used analysis techniques for clustering documents and surfacing thematic elements of text corpora. These models remain challenging to optimize and often require a "human-in-the-loop" approach where domain experts use…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Anamaria Crisan , Michael Correll

The development of artificial agents able to learn through dialog without domain restrictions has the potential to allow machines to learn how to perform tasks in a similar manner to humans and change how we relate to them. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Eugénio Ribeiro , Ricardo Ribeiro , David Martins de Matos

Safety classifiers are critical in mitigating toxicity on online forums such as social media and in chatbots. Still, they continue to be vulnerable to emergent, and often innumerable, adversarial attacks. Traditional automated adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yash Kumar Lal , Preethi Lahoti , Aradhana Sinha , Yao Qin , Ananth Balashankar

Humans often employ figurative language use in communication, including during interactions with dialog systems. Thus, it is important for real-world dialog systems to be able to handle popular figurative language constructs like metaphor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Harsh Jhamtani , Varun Gangal , Eduard Hovy , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

There has been considerable progress made towards conversational models that generate coherent and fluent responses; however, this often involves training large language models on large dialogue datasets, such as Reddit. These large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Andrea Madotto , Etsuko Ishii , Zhaojiang Lin , Sumanth Dathathri , Pascale Fung

Large language models (LLMs) provide a new way to build chatbots by accepting natural language prompts. Yet, it is unclear how to design prompts to power chatbots to carry on naturalistic conversations while pursuing a given goal, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Jing Wei , Sungdong Kim , Hyunhoon Jung , Young-Ho Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have shown incredible capabilities and transcended the natural language processing (NLP) community, with adoption throughout many services like healthcare, therapy, education, and customer service. Since users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Ameet Deshpande , Vishvak Murahari , Tanmay Rajpurohit , Ashwin Kalyan , Karthik Narasimhan

Artificial intelligence (AI) developers are increasingly building language models with warm and empathetic personas that millions of people now use for advice, therapy, and companionship. Here, we show how this creates a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Lujain Ibrahim , Franziska Sofia Hafner , Luc Rocher

Educational chatbots come with a promise of interactive and personalized learning experiences, yet their development has been limited by the restricted free interaction capabilities of available platforms and the difficulty of encoding…

The research of open-domain dialog systems has been greatly prospered by neural models trained on large-scale corpora, however, such corpora often introduce various safety problems (e.g., offensive languages, biases, and toxic behaviors)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Jingyan Zhou , Jiawen Deng , Fei Mi , Yitong Li , Yasheng Wang , Minlie Huang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Helen Meng

The development and popularization of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns that they will be used to create tailor-made, convincing arguments to push false or misleading narratives online. Early work has found that language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Francesco Salvi , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Riccardo Gallotti , Robert West

Understanding toxicity in user conversations is undoubtedly an important problem. Addressing "covert" or implicit cases of toxicity is particularly hard and requires context. Very few previous studies have analysed the influence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Atijit Anuchitanukul , Julia Ive , Lucia Specia

There is a resurgent interest in developing intelligent open-domain dialog systems due to the availability of large amounts of conversational data and the recent progress on neural approaches to conversational AI. Unlike traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Minlie Huang , Xiaoyan Zhu , Jianfeng Gao

In this paper, we present findings from an semi-experimental exploration of rater diversity and its influence on safety annotations of conversations generated by humans talking to a generative AI-chat bot. We find significant differences in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Lora Aroyo , Mark Diaz , Christopher Homan , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran , Alex Taylor , Ding Wang

There have been many recent advances in the fields of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLM), with the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model being a leading "chatbot." LLM-based chatbots have become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Gauri Anil Godghase , Rishit Agrawal , Tanush Obili , Mark Stamp

A conversational agent (chatbot) is a piece of software that is able to communicate with humans using natural language. Modeling conversation is an important task in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. While chatbots…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Richard Csaky

Hundreds of millions of people now regularly interact with large language models via chatbots. Model developers are eager to acquire new sources of high-quality training data as they race to improve model capabilities and win market share.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jennifer King , Kevin Klyman , Emily Capstick , Tiffany Saade , Victoria Hsieh

Text-based safety classifiers are widely used for content moderation and increasingly to tune generative language model behavior - a topic of growing concern for the safety of digital assistants and chatbots. However, different policies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Maximilian Mozes , Jessica Hoffmann , Katrin Tomanek , Muhamed Kouate , Nithum Thain , Ann Yuan , Tolga Bolukbasi , Lucas Dixon