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Causal discovery aims to recover a causal graph from data generated by it; constraint based methods do so by searching for a d-separating conditioning set of nodes in the graph via an oracle. In this paper, we provide analytic evidence that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Itai Feigenbaum , Huan Wang , Shelby Heinecke , Juan Carlos Niebles , Weiran Yao , Caiming Xiong , Devansh Arpit

Assessing the accuracy of the output of causal discovery algorithms is crucial in developing and comparing novel methods. Common evaluation metrics such as the structural Hamming distance are useful for assessing individual links of causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Jonas Wahl , Jakob Runge

Differentiable programming has emerged as a key programming paradigm empowering rapid developments of deep learning while its applications to important computational methods such as Monte Carlo remain largely unexplored. Here we present the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-08-28 Shi-Xin Zhang , Zhou-Quan Wan , Hong Yao

In this paper, we consider the conditional generation problem by guiding off-the-shelf unconditional diffusion models with differentiable loss functions in a plug-and-play fashion. While previous research has primarily focused on balancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Youyuan Zhang , Zehua Liu , Zenan Li , Zhaoyu Li , James J. Clark , Xujie Si

Causal discovery is to learn cause-effect relationships among variables given observational data and is important for many applications. Existing causal discovery methods assume data sufficiency, which may not be the case in many real world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Zijun Cui , Naiyu Yin , Yuru Wang , Qiang Ji

In many scientific contexts, different investigators experiment with or observe different variables with data from a domain in which the distinct variable sets might well be related. This sort of fragmentation sometimes occurs in molecular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Shuyan Wang

Many natural phenomena are intrinsically causal. The discovery of the cause-effect relationships implicit in these processes can help us to understand and describe them more effectively, which boils down to causal discovery about the data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-09 Jean Pierre Gomez

Many multivariate time series anomaly detection frameworks have been proposed and widely applied. However, most of these frameworks do not consider intrinsic relationships between variables in multivariate time series data, thus ignoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Falih Gozi Febrinanto , Kristen Moore , Chandra Thapa , Mujie Liu , Vidya Saikrishna , Jiangang Ma , Feng Xia

Time-varying causal models provide a powerful framework for studying dynamic scientific systems, yet most existing approaches assume that the underlying causal network is known a priori - an assumption rarely satisfied in real-world domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Dmitry Zaytsev , Valentina Kuskova , Michael Coppedge

Causal discovery from i.i.d. observational data is known to be generally ill-posed. We demonstrate that if we have access to the distribution {induced} by a structural causal model, and additional data from (in the best case) \textit{only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Francesco Montagna

Discovering causal structure among a set of variables is a fundamental problem in many empirical sciences. Traditional score-based casual discovery methods rely on various local heuristics to search for a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Shengyu Zhu , Ignavier Ng , Zhitang Chen

Linear structural causal models (SCMs) -- in which each observed variable is generated by a subset of the other observed variables as well as a subset of the exogenous sources -- are pervasive in causal inference and casual discovery.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Yuqin Yang , Mohamed Nafea , AmirEmad Ghassami , Negar Kiyavash

Social science theories often postulate causal relationships among a set of variables or events. Although directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are increasingly used to represent these theories, their full potential has not yet been realized in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-17 Sourabh Balgi , Adel Daoud , Jose M. Peña , Geoffrey T. Wodtke , Jesse Zhou

It is commonplace to encounter heterogeneous or nonstationary data, of which the underlying generating process changes across domains or over time. Such a distribution shift feature presents both challenges and opportunities for causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Biwei Huang , Kun Zhang , Jiji Zhang , Joseph Ramsey , Ruben Sanchez-Romero , Clark Glymour , Bernhard Schölkopf

We consider the problem of learning causal Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) using combinations of observational and interventional experimental data. Current methods tailored to this setting assume that interventions either destroy…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-04 Alessandro Mascaro , Federico Castelletti

Causal inference with observational data critically relies on untestable and extra-statistical assumptions that have (sometimes) testable implications. Well-known sets of assumptions that are sufficient to justify the causal interpretation…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-20 Pablo Geraldo Bastías

This paper presents a computational framework that generates ensemble predictive mechanics models with uncertainty quantification (UQ). We first develop a causal discovery algorithm to infer causal relations among time-history data measured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Xiao Sun , Bahador Bahmani , Nikolaos N. Vlassis , WaiChing Sun , Yanxun Xu

Learning causal structure from observational data is central to scientific modeling and decision-making. Constraint-based methods aim to recover conditional independence (CI) relations in a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG). Classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruiqi Lyu , Alistair Turcan , Martin Jinye Zhang , Bryan Wilder

Directed acyclic graphs have been used fruitfully to represent causal strucures (Pearl 1988). However, in the social sciences and elsewhere models are often used which correspond both causally and statistically to directed graphs with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-24 Thomas S. Richardson

Unveil, model, and comprehend the causal mechanisms underpinning natural phenomena stand as fundamental endeavors across myriad scientific disciplines. Meanwhile, new knowledge emerges when discovering causal relationships from data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Jiaxuan Liang , Jun Wang , Guoxian Yu , Shuyin Xia , Guoyin Wang