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Related papers: Non-Additive Axiologies in Large Worlds

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It is known that one can construct non-parametric functions by assuming classical axioms. Our work is a converse to that: we prove classical axioms in dependent type theory assuming specific instances of non-parametricity. We also address…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Auke Bart Booij , Martín Hötzel Escardó , Peter LeFanu Lumsdaine , Michael Shulman

Can multiverse hypotheses ever receive empirical support? Critics argue that multiverse scenarios posit unobservable entities, face severe underdetermination, or fall outside the bounds of science. This chapter challenges that view by…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Baptiste Le Bihan

It is still common wisdom amongst economists, politicians and lay people that economic growth is a necessity of our social systems, at least to avoid distributional conflicts. This paper challenges such belief moving from a purely physical…

General Economics · Economics 2020-05-11 Angelo Tartaglia

Equitability is a fundamental notion in fair division which requires that all agents derive equal value from their allocated bundles. We study, for general (possibly non-monotone) valuations, a popular relaxation of equitability known as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hadi Hosseini , Vishwa Prakash HV , Aditi Sethia , Jatin Yadav

We consider a set-theoretic version of mereology based on the inclusion relation $\subseteq$ and analyze how well it might serve as a foundation of mathematics. After establishing the non-definability of $\in$ from $\subseteq$, we identify…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Joel David Hamkins , Makoto Kikuchi

This paper presents formulae that can solve various seemingly hopeless philosophical conundrums. We discuss the simulation argument, teleportation, mind-uploading, the rationality of utilitarianism, and the ethics of exploiting artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-06 Gabriel Leuenberger

We consider the properties of an ensemble of universes as function of size, where size is defined in terms of the asymptotic value of the Hubble constant (or, equivalently, the value of the cosmological constant). We assume that standard…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 James D. Bjorken

Current evidence suggests that the cosmological constant is not zero, or that we live in an open universe. We examine the implications for the future under these assumptions, and find that they are striking. If the Universe is cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Lawrence M. Krauss , Glenn D. Starkman

The concept of emergence is critically analyzed in particular with respect to the assumed emergence of mental properties from a neuronal basis. We argue that so-called contextual emergence is needed to avoid an eliminatory reductionism.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-02-23 Hartmann Römer

Sequential propositional logic deviates from ordinary propositional logic by taking into account that during the sequential evaluation of a propositional statement,atomic propositions may yield different Boolean values at repeated…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-06-28 J. A. Bergstra , A. Ponse

The anthropic principle is based on the observation that, within narrow bounds, the laws of physics are such as to have allowed the evolution of life. The string theoretic approach to understanding this observation is based on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. Clavelli

The theory of the inflationary multiverse changes the way we think about our place in the world. According to its most popular version, our world may consist of infinitely many exponentially large parts, exhibiting different sets of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-19 Andrei Linde

A major challenge of interdisciplinary description of complex system behaviour is whether real systems of higher complexity levels can be understood with at least the same degree of objective, "scientific" rigour and universality as…

General Physics · Physics 2014-05-27 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

We present higher-derivative gravities that propagate an arbitrary number of gravitons of different mass on (A)dS backgrounds. These theories have multiple critical points, at which the masses degenerate and the graviton energies are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-06-20 Teake Nutma

I offer an analysis of the Principle of Sufficient Reason and its relevancy for the scientific endeavour. I submit that the world is not, and cannot be, rational - only some brained beings are. The Principle of Sufficient Reason is not a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-10-16 Gustavo E. Romero

Any representational enterprise must omit variation in order to function. NASA still uses Newtonian mechanics, though Einstein superseded Newton, and the standard picture of scientific progress cannot explain how. A description that omitted…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Harry Sticker

The affirmative statement of the existence of extraterrestrial life is tentatively raised to the status of a principle. Accordingly, Fermi's question is answered and the anthropic principle is shown to be falsifiable. The time-scale for the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Domingos S. L. Soares

Axions, periodic scalar fields coupled to gauge fields through the instanton density, have a rich variety of higher-form global symmetries. These include a two-form global symmetry, which measures the charge of axion strings. As we review,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-04 T. Daniel Brennan , Clay Cordova

In what has become a standard eternal inflation picture of the string landscape there are many problematic consequences and a difficulty defining probabilities for the occurrence of each type of universe. One feature in particular that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-09 L. Clavelli , Gary R. Goldstein

We study the expressive power of fragments of inclusion and independence logic defined either by restricting the number of universal quantifiers or the arity of inclusion and independence atoms in formulas. Assuming the so-called lax…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-04-17 Pietro Galliani , Miika Hannula , Juha Kontinen