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Whispered-to-normal (W2N) speech conversion aims to reconstruct missing phonation from whispered input while preserving content and speaker identity. This task is challenging due to temporal misalignment between whisper and voiced…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Fabian Ritter-Gutierrez , Md Asif Jalal , Pablo Peso Parada , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Yusun Shul , Minseung Kim , Gun-Woo Lee , Han-Gil Moon

In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end user-defined keyword spotting method that utilizes linguistically corresponding patterns between speech and text sequences. Unlike previous approaches requiring speech keyword enrollment, our…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-04 Hyeon-Kyeong Shin , Hyewon Han , Doyeon Kim , Soo-Whan Chung , Hong-Goo Kang

Spoken language understanding (SLU) system usually consists of various pipeline components, where each component heavily relies on the results of its upstream ones. For example, Intent detection (ID), and slot filling (SF) require its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Di Wu , Yiren Chen , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

Many real-world applications require aligning two temporal sequences, including bioinformatics, handwriting recognition, activity recognition, and human-robot coordination. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a popular alignment method, but can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Sridhar Mahadevan , Anup Rao , Georgios Theocharous , Jennifer Healey

Robustness against noise is critical for keyword spotting (KWS) in real-world environments. To improve the robustness, a speech enhancement front-end is involved. Instead of treating the speech enhancement as a separated preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Yue Gu , Zhihao Du , Hui Zhang , Xueliang Zhang

Data efficient voice cloning aims at synthesizing target speaker's voice with only a few enrollment samples at hand. To this end, speaker adaptation and speaker encoding are two typical methods based on base model trained from multiple…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-12 Jian Cong , Shan Yang , Lei Xie , Guoqiao Yu , Guanglu Wan

Modern approaches for keyword spotting rely on training deep neural networks on large static datasets with i.i.d. distributions. However, the resulting models tend to underperform when presented with changing data regimes in real-life…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Michel Meneses , Bruno Iwami

This paper addresses the persistent challenge in Keyword Spotting (KWS), a fundamental component in speech technology, regarding the acquisition of substantial labeled data for training. Given the difficulty in obtaining large quantities of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Weinan Dai , Yifeng Jiang , Yuanjing Liu , Jinkun Chen , Xin Sun , Jinglei Tao

Target sound detection (TSD) aims to detect the target sound from mixture audio given the reference information. Previous works have shown that TSD models can be trained on fully-annotated (frame-level label) or weakly-annotated (clip-level…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Dongchao Yang , Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou , Wenwu Wang

Keyword spotting--or wakeword detection--is an essential feature for hands-free operation of modern voice-controlled devices. With such devices becoming ubiquitous, users might want to choose a personalized custom wakeword. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Loren Lugosch , Samuel Myer , Vikrant Singh Tomar

In the paper we present an architecture of a keyword spotting (KWS) system that is based on modern neural networks, yields good performance on various types of speech data and can run very fast. We focus mainly on the last aspect and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Jan Nouza , Petr Cerva , Jindrich Zdansky

Keyword spotting systems continuously process audio streams to detect keywords. One of the most challenging tasks in designing such systems is to reduce False Alarm (FA) which happens when the system falsely registers a keyword despite the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Yashas Malur Saidutta , Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa , Ching-Hua Lee , Chouchang Yang , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

The performance of machine learning algorithms is known to be negatively affected by possible mismatches between training (source) and test (target) data distributions. In fact, this problem emerges whenever an acoustic scene classification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Emanuël A. P. Habets , Meinard Müller , Augusto Sarti

In this study, we develop the keyword spotting (KWS) and acoustic model (AM) components in a far-field speaker system. Specifically, we use teacher-student (T/S) learning to adapt a close-talk well-trained production AM to far-field by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao , Zhuo Chen , Changliang Liu , Xiong Xiao , Guoli Ye , Yifan Gong

Word embeddings are traditionally trained on a large corpus in an unsupervised setting, with no specific design for incorporating domain knowledge. This can lead to unsatisfactory performances when training data originate from heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Guoyin Wang , Yan Song , Yue Zhang , Dong Yu

Domain mismatch between training and testing can lead to significant degradation in performance in many machine learning scenarios. Unfortunately, this is not a rare situation for automatic speech recognition deployments in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Wei-Ning Hsu , Yu Zhang , James Glass

Annotating datasets for question answering (QA) tasks is very costly, as it requires intensive manual labor and often domain-specific knowledge. Yet strategies for annotating QA datasets in a cost-effective manner are scarce. To provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Bernhard Kratzwald , Xiang Yue , Huan Sun , Stefan Feuerriegel

Recent advances in speech-aware language models have coupled strong acoustic encoders with large language models, enabling systems that move beyond transcription to produce richer outputs. Among these, word-level timestamp prediction is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Xulin Fan , Vishal Sunder , Samuel Thomas , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Brian Kingsbury , George Saon

Acoustic Word Embeddings (AWEs) improve the efficiency of speech retrieval tasks such as Spoken Term Detection (STD) and Keyword Spotting (KWS). However, existing approaches suffer from limitations, including unimodal supervision, disjoint…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ramesh Gundluru , Shubham Gupta , Sri Rama Murty K

Whisper's robust performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR) is often attributed to its massive 680k-hour training set, an impractical scale for most researchers. In this work, we examine how linguistic and acoustic diversity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Dancheng Liu , Amir Nassereldine , Chenhui Xu , Jinjun Xiong
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