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A smart contract on a blockchain cannot keep a secret because its data is replicated on all nodes in a network. To remedy this problem, it has been suggested to combine blockchains with trusted execution environments (TEEs), such as Intel…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Marcus Brandenburger , Christian Cachin , Rüdiger Kapitza , Alessandro Sorniotti

We propose a blockchain architecture in which mining requires a quantum computer. The consensus mechanism is based on proof of quantum work, a quantum-enhanced alternative to traditional proof of work that leverages quantum supremacy to…

Advances in quantum computing introduce long-term security challenges for widely deployed public-key cryptographic systems used across blockchain platforms and decentralized applications. Although post-quantum cryptography (PQC) standards…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Dongping Liu , Aoyu Zhang , Luyao Zhang

Classic automobiles are an important part of the automotive industry and represent the historical and technological achievements of certain eras. However, to be considered masterpieces, they must be maintained in pristine condition or…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-14 José Murta , Vasco Amaral , Fernando Brito e Abreu

In this paper, we propose a groundbreaking quantum-secure federated learning (QFL) framework designed to safeguard distributed learning systems against the emerging threat of quantum-enabled adversaries. As classical cryptographic methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Dev Gurung , Shiva Raj Pokhrel

The rapid growth of blockchain systems leads to increasing interest in understanding and comparing blockchain performance at scale. In this paper, we focus on analyzing the performance of Hyperledger Fabric v1.1 - one of the most popular…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Minh Quang Nguyen , Dumitrel Loghin , Tien Tuan Anh Dinh

This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a hybrid encryption framework that combines quantum key distribution, specifically a simulated BB84 protocol, with AES-256 encryption. The system enables secure file…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Hector E Mozo

Quantum tokens are underlying primitives for quantum money and network proposals, which leverage the no-cloning theorem to realize unforgeable authentication. A relevant but overlooked type of attack to such architectures is a hacker that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Lucas Tsunaki , Boris Naydenov

The rapid development of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of current cryptographic systems, including those used in User Equipment (UE) for mobile communications. Conventional cryptographic algorithms such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sanzida Hoque , Abdullah Aydeger , Engin Zeydan

Advances in quantum computing make Shor's algorithm for factorising numbers ever more tractable. This threatens the security of any cryptographic system which often relies on the difficulty of factorisation. It also threatens methods based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Jon Barton , William J Buchanan , Nikolaos Pitropakis , Sarwar Sayeed , Will Abramson

This paper presents a condensed system architecture for a file transfer solution that leverages post quantum cryptography and blockchain to secure data against quantum threats. The architecture integrates NIST standardized algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Ernesto Sola-Thomas , Masudul H Imtiaz

With the constantly advancing capabilities of quantum computers, conventional cryptographic systems relying on complex math problems may encounter unforeseen vulnerabilities. Unlike regular computers, which are often deemed cost-ineffective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Emils Bagirovs , Grigory Provodin , Tuomo Sipola , Jari Hautamäki

This paper presents a hybrid cryptographic protocol, using quantum and classical resources, for authentication and authorization in a network. One or more trusted servers distribute streams of entangled photons to individual resources that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. R. Kuhn

Blockchain technology promises to revolutionize manufacturing industries. For example, several supply-chain use-cases may benefit from transparent asset tracking and automated processes using smart contracts. Several real-world deployments…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Christina Müller , Marcus Brandenburger , Christian Cachin , Pascal Felber , Christian Göttel , Valerio Schiavoni

Blockchain is a decentralized network to increase trust, integrity, and transparency of transactions. With the exponential growth of transactions in the realm of Blockchain, especially in Bitcoin, Blockchain size increases as all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Hamidreza Rahmati , Farhad Rahmati

Automated and industrial Internet of Things (IoT) devices are increasing daily. As the number of IoT devices grows, the volume of data generated by them will also grow. Managing these rapidly expanding IoT devices and enormous data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Adnan Iftekhar , Xiaohui Cui

As quantum computing technology continues to advance, post-quantum cryptographic methods capable of resisting quantum attacks have emerged as a critical area of focus. Given the potential vulnerability of existing homomorphic encryption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Abel C. H. Chen

The rapid proliferation of resource-constrained IoT devices across sectors like healthcare, industrial automation, and finance introduces major security challenges. Traditional digital signatures, though foundational for authentication, are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Attila A. Yavuz , Saleh Darzi , Saif E. Nouma

Smart manufacturing systems involve a large number of interconnected devices resulting in massive data generation. Cloud computing technology has recently gained increasing attention in smart manufacturing systems for facilitating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Aditya Pribadi Kalapaaking , Ibrahim Khalil , Mohammad Saidur Rahman , Abdelaziz Bouras

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information theoretically secures key exchange requiring authentication of the classic data processing channel via pre-sharing of symmetric private keys. In previous studies, the lattice-based…