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Computer use agents are LLM-based agents that can directly interact with a graphical user interface, by processing screenshots or accessibility trees. While these systems are gaining popularity, their safety has been largely overlooked,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Thomas Kuntz , Agatha Duzan , Hao Zhao , Francesco Croce , Zico Kolter , Nicolas Flammarion , Maksym Andriushchenko

Test-Time Scaling (TTS) improves LLM reasoning by exploring multiple candidate responses and then operating over this set to find the best output. A tacit premise behind TTS is that sufficiently diverse candidate pools enhance reliability.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shahriar Kabir Nahin , Hadi Askari , Muhao Chen , Anshuman Chhabra

A precise vulnerability discovery model (VDM) will provide a useful insight to assess software security, and could be a good prediction instrument for both software vendors and users to understand security trends and plan ahead patching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Viet Hung Nguyen , Fabio Massacci

Vulnerabilities in open-source operating systems (OSs) pose substantial security risks to software systems, making their detection crucial. While fuzzing has been an effective vulnerability detection technique in various domains, OS fuzzing…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kun Hu , Qicai Chen , Wenzhuo Zhang , Zilong Lu , Bihuan Chen , You Lu , Haowen Jiang , Bingkun Sun , Xin Peng , Wenyun Zhao

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, robust content moderation becomes essential. We present a comprehensive evaluation of 14 open-source safety guard models on a curated benchmark of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Reetu Raj Harsh , Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Stefano Pasquali

Considerable research effort has been devoted to the study of Policy in the domain of Information Security Management (ISM). However, our review of ISM literature identified four key deficiencies that reduce the utility of the guidance to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Moneer Alshaikh , Sean B. Maynard , Atif Ahmad , Shanton Chang

The principal mission of Multi-Source Multicast (MSM) is to disseminate all messages from all sources in a network to all destinations. MSM is utilized in numerous applications. In many of them, securing the messages disseminated is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Alejandro Cohen , Asaf Cohen , Muriel Medard , Omer Gurewitz

To ensure the quality of software systems, software engineers can make use of a variety of quality assurance approaches, such as software testing, modern code review, automated static analysis, and build automation. Each of these quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ali Khatami , Andy Zaidman

Security logs are foundational to threat detection and post-incident investigation, yet analysts often struggle to fully leverage them due to their heterogeneity and unstructured nature. The standard practice of manually writing parsers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Julien Piet , Vivian Fang , Rishi Khare , Scott Coull , Vern Paxson , Raluca Ada Popa , David Wagner

Most safety testing efforts for large language models (LLMs) today focus on evaluating foundation models. However, there is a growing need to evaluate safety at the application level, as components such as system prompts, retrieval…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jia Yi Goh , Shaun Khoo , Nyx Iskandar , Gabriel Chua , Leanne Tan , Jessica Foo

Large Language Model (LLM) is changing the software development paradigm and has gained huge attention from both academia and industry. Researchers and developers collaboratively explore how to leverage the powerful problem-solving ability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Qiang Hu , Xiaofei Xie , Sen Chen , Lei Ma

The Huge growth in the usage of web applications has raised concerns regarding their security vulnerabilities, which in turn pushes toward robust security testing tools. This study compares OWASP ZAP, the leading open-source web application…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Usha-Sri Potti , Hong-Sheng Huang , Hsuan-Tung Chen , Hung-Min Sun

The demand for automated security analysis techniques, such as static analysis based security testing (SAST) tools continues to increase. To develop SASTs that are effectively leveraged by developers for finding vulnerabilities, researchers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Amit Seal Ami , Kevin Moran , Denys Poshyvanyk , Adwait Nadkarni

Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) federated ecosystems, such as InterUSS, enable secure coordination among UAS Service Suppliers (USSs). However, they bring up some security challenges at the infrastructure level that haven't been fully…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Henrique Curi de Miranda , Ágney Lopes Roth Ferraz , Wagner Comin Sonaglio , Lourenço Alves Pereira Júnior

Security metrics present the security level of a system or a network in both qualitative and quantitative ways. In general, security metrics are used to assess the security level of a system and to achieve security goals. There are a lot of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Simon Yusuf Enoch , Jin B. Hong , Mengmeng Ge , Dong Seong Kim

Secure Message Transmission (SMT) is a two-party cryptographic protocol by which the sender can securely and reliably transmit messages to the receiver using multiple channels. An adversary can corrupt a subset of the channels and commit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Maiki Fujita , Takeshi Koshiba , Kenji Yasunaga

Nowadays, the correct use of cryptography libraries is essential to ensure the necessary information security in different kinds of applications. A common practice in software development is the use of static application security testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Markus Haug Ana Cristina Franco Da Silva , Stefan Wagner

Security resources are scarce, and practitioners need guidance in the effective and efficient usage of techniques and tools available in the cybersecurity industry. Two emerging tool types, Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Aishwarya Seth , Saikath Bhattacharya , Sarah Elder , Nusrat Zahan , Laurie Williams

We analyze safety problems of complex systems using the methods of mathematical statistics for testing the output variables of a code simulating the operation of the system under consideration when the input variables are uncertain. We have…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Pal , M. Makai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been suggested for use in automated vulnerability repair, but benchmarks showing they can consistently identify security-related bugs are lacking. We thus develop SecLLMHolmes, a fully automated evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Saad Ullah , Mingji Han , Saurabh Pujar , Hammond Pearce , Ayse Coskun , Gianluca Stringhini