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The wide adoption and application of Masked language models~(MLMs) on sensitive data (from legal to medical) necessitates a thorough quantitative investigation into their privacy vulnerabilities -- to what extent do MLMs leak information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Kartik Goyal , Archit Uniyal , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Reza Shokri

In this work we address the practical challenges of training machine learning models on privacy-sensitive datasets by introducing a modular approach that minimizes changes to training algorithms, provides a variety of configuration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 H. Brendan McMahan , Galen Andrew , Ulfar Erlingsson , Steve Chien , Ilya Mironov , Nicolas Papernot , Peter Kairouz

Deep learning models for time series imputation are now essential in fields such as healthcare, the Internet of Things (IoT), and finance. However, their deployment raises critical privacy concerns. Beyond the well-known issue of unintended…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Faiz Taleb , Ivan Gazeau , Maryline Laurent

We study how inherent randomness in the training process -- where each sample (or client in federated learning) contributes only to a randomly selected portion of training -- can be leveraged for privacy amplification. This includes (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Andy Dong , Wei-Ning Chen , Ayfer Ozgur

Machine learning models have recently enjoyed a significant increase in size and popularity. However, this growth has created concerns about dataset privacy. To counteract data leakage, various privacy frameworks guarantee that the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Coleman DuPlessie , Aidan Gao

The massive deployment of Machine Learning (ML) models raises serious concerns about data protection. Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) offer a promising first step, but hard challenges persist in achieving confidentiality and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Maurizio Colombo , Rasool Asal , Ernesto Damiani , Lamees Mahmoud AlQassem , Al Anoud Almemari , Yousof Alhammadi

The utility of machine learning has rapidly expanded in the last two decades and presents an ethical challenge. Papernot et. al. developed a technique, known as Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PATE) to enable federated learning in…

Federated learning (FL) has become a key component in various language modeling applications such as machine translation, next-word prediction, and medical record analysis. These applications are trained on datasets from many FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Kang Gu , Najrin Sultana , Shagufta Mehnaz

Machine learning models trained on private datasets have been shown to leak their private data. While recent work has found that the average data point is rarely leaked, the outlier samples are frequently subject to memorization and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Nicholas Carlini , Matthew Jagielski , Chiyuan Zhang , Nicolas Papernot , Andreas Terzis , Florian Tramer

Distributed machine learning paradigms, such as federated learning, have been recently adopted in many privacy-critical applications for speech analysis. However, such frameworks are vulnerable to privacy leakage attacks from shared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Zhuohang Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Jian Liu

The notion that collaborative machine learning can ensure privacy by just withholding the raw data is widely acknowledged to be flawed. Over the past seven years, the literature has revealed several privacy attacks that enable adversaries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Federico Mazzone , Ahmad Al Badawi , Yuriy Polyakov , Maarten Everts , Florian Hahn , Andreas Peter

Federated learning is considered as an effective privacy-preserving learning mechanism that separates the client's data and model training process. However, federated learning is still under the risk of privacy leakage because of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Yuxuan Wan , Han Xu , Xiaorui Liu , Jie Ren , Wenqi Fan , Jiliang Tang

Machine learning models are increasingly used for software security tasks. These models are commonly trained and evaluated on large Internet-derived datasets, which often contain duplicated or highly similar samples. When such samples are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Farnaz Soltaniani , Mohammad Ghafari

Training data privacy has been a top concern in AI modeling. While methods like differentiated private learning allow data contributors to quantify acceptable privacy loss, model utility is often significantly damaged. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yuechun Gu , Jiajie He , Keke Chen

Federated learning, in which training data is distributed among users and never shared, has emerged as a popular approach to privacy-preserving machine learning. Cryptographic techniques such as secure aggregation are used to aggregate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Rasmus Pagh , Nina Mesing Stausholm

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) pose a critical privacy threat by enabling adversaries to determine whether a specific sample was included in a model's training dataset. Despite extensive research on MIAs, systematic comparisons between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Owais Makroo , Siva Rajesh Kasa , Sumegh Roychowdhury , Karan Gupta , Nikhil Pattisapu , Santhosh Kasa , Sumit Negi

Machine Learning (ML) has made unprecedented progress in the past several decades. However, due to the memorability of the training data, ML is susceptible to various attacks, especially Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs), the objective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Shuhao Li , Yajie Wang , Yuanzhang Li , Yu-an Tan

We propose a framework in which multiple entities collaborate to build a machine learning model while preserving privacy of their data. The approach utilizes feature embeddings from shared/per-entity feature extractors transforming data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Alireza Sarmadi , Hao Fu , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Siddharth Garg , Farshad Khorrami

Ensuring the privacy of research participants is vital, even more so in healthcare environments. Deep learning approaches to neuroimaging require large datasets, and this often necessitates sharing data between multiple sites, which is…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-04 Umang Gupta , Dimitris Stripelis , Pradeep K. Lam , Paul M. Thompson , José Luis Ambite , Greg Ver Steeg

Machine learning (ML) has been widely adopted in various privacy-critical applications, e.g., face recognition and medical image analysis. However, recent research has shown that ML models are vulnerable to attacks against their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Zheng Li , Yang Zhang
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