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Orthogonal arrays are a type of combinatorial design that were developed in the 1940s in the design of statistical experiments. In 1947, Rao proved a lower bound on the size of any orthogonal array, and raised the problem of constructing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Nicholas Harvey , Arvin Sahami

For any $m \geq 1$, let $H_m$ denote the quantity $H_m := \liminf_{n \to \infty} (p_{n+m}-p_n)$, where $p_n$ denotes the $n^{\operatorname{th}}$ prime; thus for instance the twin prime conjecture is equivalent to the assertion that $H_1$ is…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-10-01 D. H. J. Polymath

A minimal perfect hash function bijectively maps a key set $S$ out of a universe $U$ into the first $|S|$ natural numbers. Minimal perfect hash functions are used, for example, to map irregularly-shaped keys, such as string, in a compact…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Emmanuel Esposito , Thomas Mueller Graf , Sebastiano Vigna

The generalized group of units of the ring modulo $n$ was first introduced by El-Kassar and Chehade, written as $U^k(Z_n)$. This allows us to formulate a new generalization to the Euler phi function $\varphi(n)$, that represents the order…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-29 Mohammad El-Hindi , Therrar Kadri

Using commutative algebra methods we study the generalized minimum distance function (gmd function) and the corresponding generalized footprint function of a graded ideal in a polynomial ring over a field. The number of solutions that a…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Manuel Gonzalez-Sarabia , Jose Martínez-Bernal , Rafael H. Villarreal , Carlos E. Vivares

Minimal perfect hash functions (MPHFs) are used to provide efficient access to values of large dictionaries (sets of key-value pairs). Discovering new algorithms for building MPHFs is an area of active research, especially from the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sean Weaver , Marijn Heule

Minwise hashing (MinHash) is an important and practical algorithm for generating random hashes to approximate the Jaccard (resemblance) similarity in massive binary (0/1) data. The basic theory of MinHash requires applying hundreds or even…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-09 Xiaoyun Li , Ping Li

Uchimura, in 1987, introduced a probability generating function for a random variable $X$ and using properties of this function he discovered an interesting $q$-series identity. He further showed that the $m$-th cumulant with respect to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Archit Agarwal , Subhash Chand Bhoria , Pramod Eyyunni , Bibekananda Maji , Tanay Wakhare

We study explicit constructions of min-wise hash families and their extension to $k$-min-wise hash families. Informally, a min-wise hash family guarantees that for any fixed subset $X\subseteq[N]$, every element in $X$ has an equal chance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xue Chen , Shengtang Huang , Xin Li

A minimal perfect hash function (MPHF) bijectively maps a set S of objects to the first |S| integers. It can be used as a building block in databases and data compression. RecSplit [Esposito et al., ALENEX'20] is currently the most space…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Dominik Bez , Florian Kurpicz , Hans-Peter Lehmann , Peter Sanders

Memory-Hard Functions (MHF) are a useful cryptographic primitive to build egalitarian proofs-of-work and to help protect low entropy secrets (e.g., user passwords) against brute-forces attacks. Ideally, we would like for a MHF to have the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jeremiah Blocki , Blake Holman

We show that for any separable reflexive Banach space $X$ and a large class of Banach spaces $E$, including those with a subsymmetric shrinking basis but also all spaces $L_p$ for $1\leq p \leq \infty$, every bounded linear map ${\mathcal…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Yemon Choi , Bence Horváth , Niels Jakob Laustsen

Let $\chi$ be a primitive Dirichlet character whose conductor $q$ is a prime number. For the certain averages of values of $\log |L(s, \chi)|$ in $q$-aspect at a fixed $s=\sigma>1/2$, under Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), we explain…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Manami Hosoi , Yumiko Umegaki

For an arbitrary infinite field k of characteristic p > 0, we describe the structure of a block of the algebraic monoid M_n(k) (all n x n matrices over k), or, equivalently, a block of the Schur algebra S(n,p), whose simple modules are…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2008-03-11 Stephen Doty , Stuart Martin

For a semisimple quasi-triangular Hopf algebra $\left( H,R\right) $ over a field $k$ of characteristic zero, and a strongly separable quantum commutative $H$-module algebra $A$ over which the Drinfeld element of $H$ acts trivially, we show…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Zhimin Liu , Shenglin Zhu

Given a set $S$ of $n$ distinct keys, a function $f$ that bijectively maps the keys of $S$ into the range $\{0,\ldots,n-1\}$ is called a minimal perfect hash function for $S$. Algorithms that find such functions when $n$ is large and retain…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Roberto Trani

Consider an $m$-bit query $q$ to a bitwise trie $T$. A wildcard $*$ is an unspecified bit in $q$ for which the query asks the membership for both cases $*=0$ and $*=1$. It is common that such partial-match queries with wildcards are issued…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-01-27 Junichiro Fukuyama

Let $A$ be a set in an abelian group $G$. For integers $h,r \geq 1$ the generalized $h$-fold sumset, denoted by $h^{(r)}A$, is the set of sums of $h$ elements of $A$, where each element appears in the sum at most $r$ times. If…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-01 Francesco Monopoli

Memory hard functions (MHFs) are an important cryptographic primitive that are used to design egalitarian proofs of work and in the construction of moderately expensive key-derivation functions resistant to brute-force attacks. Broadly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Mohammad Hassan Ameri , Jeremiah Blocki , Samson Zhou

Iterated hash functions process strings recursively, one character at a time. At each iteration, they compute a new hash value from the preceding hash value and the next character. We prove that iterated hashing can be pairwise independent,…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-27 Daniel Lemire