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Contemporary machine learning methods will try to approach the Bayes error, as it is the lowest possible error any model can achieve. This paper postulates that any decision is composed of not one but two Bayesian decisions and that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Stefan Jaeger

This paper addresses the problem of stochastic optimization with decision-dependent uncertainty, a class of problems where the probability distribution of the uncertain parameters is influenced by the decision-maker's actions. While recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-12 John Cotrina , Gonzalo Flores , David Salas , Anton Svensson

This paper studies a multi-player, general-sum stochastic game characterized by a dual-stage temporal structure per period. The agents face uncertainty regarding the time-evolving state that is realized at the beginning of each period.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Tao Zhang , Quanyan Zhu

We apply a Bayesian agent-based framework inspired by QBism to iterations of two quantum games, the CHSH game and the quantum prisoners' dilemma. In each two-player game, players hold beliefs about an amount of shared entanglement and about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 John B. DeBrota , Peter J. Love

This paper considers two investors who perform mean-variance portfolio selection with asymmetric information: one knows the true stock dynamics, while the other has to infer the true dynamics from observed stock evolution. Their portfolio…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-05 Yu-Jui Huang , Shihao Zhu

Strategies for sustaining cooperation and preventing exploitation by selfish agents in repeated games have mostly been restricted to Markovian strategies where the response of an agent depends on the actions in the previous round. Such…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-30 Arunava Patra , Supratim Sengupta , Ayan Paul , Sagar Chakraborty

We propose a single-level numerical approach to solve Stackelberg mean field game (MFG) problems. In Stackelberg MFG, an infinite population of agents play a non-cooperative game and choose their controls to optimize their individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Gokce Dayanikli , Mathieu Lauriere

This work introduces an online Bayesian game-theoretic method for behavior identification in multi-agent dynamical systems. By casting Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman optimality conditions as linear-in-parameter residuals, the method enables fast…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Francesco Bianchin , Robert Lefringhausen , Sandra Hirche

We introduce the notion of regularized Bayesian best response (RBBR) learning dynamic in heterogeneous population games. We obtain such a dynamic via perturbation by an arbitrary lower semicontinuous, strongly convex regularizer in Bayesian…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Sayan Mukherjee , Souvik Roy

We study Stackelberg equilibria in finitely repeated games, where the leader commits to a strategy that picks actions in each round and can be adaptive to the history of play (i.e. they commit to an algorithm). In particular, we study…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Natalie Collina , Eshwar Ram Arunachaleswaran , Michael Kearns

Stackelberg Games are gaining importance in the last years due to the raise of Adversarial Machine Learning (AML). Within this context, a new paradigm must be faced: in classical game theory, intervening agents were humans whose decisions…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Roi Naveiro , David Ríos Insua

Many decentralized and networked control problems involve decision makers which have either misaligned criteria or subjective priors. In the context of such a setup, in this paper we consider binary signaling problems in which the decision…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-06 Serkan Sarıtaş , Sinan Gezici , Serdar Yüksel

This paper investigates a robust incentive Stackelberg stochastic differential game problem for a linear-quadratic mean field system, where the model uncertainty appears in the drift term of the leader's state equation. Moreover, both the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Na Xiang , Jingtao Shi

We study games in which a leader makes a single commitment, and then multiple followers (each with a different utility function) respond. In particular, we study ambiguous commitment strategies in these games, in which the leader may commit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Natalie Collina , Rabanus Derr , Aaron Roth

A Stackelberg game is played between a leader and a follower. The leader first chooses an action, then the follower plays his best response. The goal of the leader is to pick the action that will maximize his payoff given the follower's…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-11-19 Aaron Roth , Jonathan Ullman , Zhiwei Steven Wu

In many engineered systems, agents make decisions under incomplete information, creating opportunities for a planner to influence decentralized behavior through signaling. We study how such signaling can be designed in parallel-network,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yuwei Hu , Bryce L. Ferguson

We investigate the linear quadratic Gaussian Stackelberg game under a class of nested observation information pattern. Two decision makers implement control strategies relying on different information sets: The follower uses its observation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Zhipeng Li , Damian Marelli , Minyue Fu , Huanshui Zhang

The commitment power of senders distinguishes Bayesian persuasion problems from other games with (strategic) communication. Persuasion games with multiple senders have largely studied simultaneous commitment and signalling settings.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-02-15 Shih-Tang Su , Vijay G. Subramanian

We propose a game-theoretic framework that incorporates both incomplete information and general ambiguity attitudes on factors external to all players. Our starting point is players' preferences on payoff-distribution vectors, essentially…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-04-04 Jian Yang

We study the stochastic assignment game and extend it to model multimodal mobility markets with a regulator or a Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) platform. We start by presenting general forms of one-to-one and many-to-many stochastic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bingqing Liu , David Watling , Joseph Y. J. Chow