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A Random Graph is a random object which take its values in the space of graphs. We take advantage of the expressibility of graphs in order to model the uncertainty about the existence of causal relationships within a given set of variables.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Mauricio Gonzalez-Soto , Ivan R. Feliciano-Avelino , L. Enrique Sucar , Hugo J. Escalante Balderas

The relationship between statistical dependency and causality lies at the heart of all statistical approaches to causal inference. Recent results in the ChaLearn cause-effect pair challenge have shown that causal directionality can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Gianluca Bontempi , Maxime Flauder

We study the problem of causal structure learning over a set of random variables when the experimenter is allowed to perform at most $M$ experiments in a non-adaptive manner. We consider the optimal learning strategy in terms of minimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-01 AmirEmad Ghassami , Saber Salehkaleybar , Negar Kiyavash

We propose the conditional predictive impact (CPI), a consistent and unbiased estimator of the association between one or several features and a given outcome, conditional on a reduced feature set. Building on the knockoff framework of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-14 David S. Watson , Marvin N. Wright

Causal inference methods based on conditional independence construct Markov equivalent graphs, and cannot be applied to bivariate cases. The approaches based on independence of cause and mechanism state, on the contrary, that causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Nataliya Sokolovska , Pierre-Henri Wuillemin

Causal discovery aims to uncover cause-and-effect relationships encoded in causal graphs by leveraging observational, interventional data, or their combination. The majority of existing causal discovery methods are developed assuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Lai Wei , Murat Kocaoglu , Mahsa Ghasemi

Leveraging deep learning for causal discovery in time series remains challenging because existing neural methods predominantly rely on component-wise architectures that fail to capture shared system dynamics or employ decoupled post-hoc…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Omar Muhammad , Pasupuleti Dhruv Shivkant , Deepak N. Subramani

The assumption of independence between observations (units) in a dataset is prevalent across various methodologies for learning causal graphical models. However, this assumption often finds itself in conflict with real-world data, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Alex Chen , Qing Zhou

This paper tackles a critical bottleneck in Super-Structure-based divide-and-conquer causal discovery: the high computational cost of constructing accurate Super-Structures--particularly when conditional independence (CI) tests are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Wenyu Wang , Yaping Wan

Causal discovery is a major task with the utmost importance for machine learning since causal structures can enable models to go beyond pure correlation-based inference and significantly boost their performance. However, finding causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Andreas Sauter , Erman Acar , Vincent François-Lavet

The discovery of structure from time series data is a key problem in fields of study working with complex systems. Most identifiability results and learning algorithms assume the underlying dynamics to be discrete in time. Comparatively…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-04 Alexis Bellot , Kim Branson , Mihaela van der Schaar

Causal variables in Markov boundary (MB) have been widely applied in extensive single-label tasks. While few researches focus on the causal variable discovery in multi-label data due to the complex causal relationships. Since some variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Xingyu Wu , Bingbing Jiang , Yan Zhong , Huanhuan Chen

Causal structure learning refers to a process of identifying causal structures from observational data, and it can have multiple applications in biomedicine and health care. This paper provides a practical review and tutorial on scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Pulakesh Upadhyaya , Kai Zhang , Can Li , Xiaoqian Jiang , Yejin Kim

We study the identification of causal effects in the presence of different types of constraints (e.g., logical constraints) in addition to the causal graph. These constraints impose restrictions on the models (parameterizations) induced by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yizuo Chen , Adnan Darwiche

In the sequential decision making setting, an agent aims to achieve systematic generalization over a large, possibly infinite, set of environments. Such environments are modeled as discrete Markov decision processes with both states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Mirco Mutti , Riccardo De Santi , Emanuele Rossi , Juan Felipe Calderon , Michael Bronstein , Marcello Restelli

Inducing causal relationships from observations is a classic problem in machine learning. Most work in causality starts from the premise that the causal variables themselves are observed. However, for AI agents such as robots trying to make…

Causal structure learning, also known as causal discovery, aims to estimate causal relationships between variables as a form of a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) from observational data. One of the major frameworks is the order-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-18 Kentaro Kanamori , Hirofumi Suzuki , Takuya Takagi

We consider the structure learning problem for graphical models that we call loosely connected Markov random fields, in which the number of short paths between any pair of nodes is small, and present a new conditional independence test…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-05 Rui Wu , R. Srikant , Jian Ni

Conditional independence (CI) tests underlie many approaches to model testing and structure learning in causal inference. Most existing CI tests for categorical and ordinal data stratify the sample by the conditioning variables, perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-06 Ankur Ankan , Johannes Textor

Consider the problem of learning, from non-experimental data, the causal (Markov equivalence) structure of the true, unknown causal Bayesian network (CBN) on a given, fixed set of (categorical) variables. This learning problem is known to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-26 Hanti Lin , Jiji Zhang
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