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Systematic compositionality is an essential mechanism in human language, allowing the recombination of known parts to create novel expressions. However, existing neural models have been shown to lack this basic ability in learning symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Yichen Jiang , Mohit Bansal

Many types of data from fields including natural language processing, computer vision, and bioinformatics, are well represented by discrete, compositional structures such as trees, sequences, or matchings. Latent structure models are a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vlad Niculae , Caio F. Corro , Nikita Nangia , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , André F. T. Martins

We present an integrated approach for structure and parameter estimation in latent tree graphical models. Our overall approach follows a "divide-and-conquer" strategy that learns models over small groups of variables and iteratively merges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Furong Huang , Niranjan U. N. , Ioakeim Perros , Robert Chen , Jimeng Sun , Anima Anandkumar

Transformer language models can generate strikingly natural text by modeling language as a sequence of tokens, but by relying primarily on surface-level co-occurrence statistics they fail to form globally consistent latent representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , James McClelland

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, a type of recurrent neural network with a more complex computational unit, have been successfully applied to a variety of sequence modeling tasks. In this paper we develop Tree Long Short-Term Memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Xingxing Zhang , Liang Lu , Mirella Lapata

We present a framework for learning hierarchical policies from demonstrations, using sparse natural language annotations to guide the discovery of reusable skills for autonomous decision-making. We formulate a generative model of action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Pratyusha Sharma , Antonio Torralba , Jacob Andreas

Recent advances in large-scale pre-training such as GPT-3 allow seemingly high quality text to be generated from a given prompt. However, such generation systems often suffer from problems of hallucinated facts, and are not inherently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Yizhe Zhang , Siqi Sun , Xiang Gao , Yuwei Fang , Chris Brockett , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

We treat projective dependency trees as latent variables in our probabilistic model and induce them in such a way as to be beneficial for a downstream task, without relying on any direct tree supervision. Our approach relies on Gumbel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Caio Corro , Ivan Titov

Patterns are fundamental to human cognition, enabling the recognition of structure and regularity across diverse domains. In this work, we focus on structural repeats, patterns that arise from the repetition of hierarchical relations within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zeng Ren , Xinyi Guan , Martin Rohrmeier

Representation learning for text via pretraining a language model on a large corpus has become a standard starting point for building NLP systems. This approach stands in contrast to autoencoders, also trained on raw text, but with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ivan Montero , Nikolaos Pappas , Noah A. Smith

Rhetorical structure trees have been shown to be useful for several document-level tasks including summarization and document classification. Previous approaches to RST parsing have used discriminative models; however, these are less sample…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Amandla Mabona , Laura Rimell , Stephen Clark , Andreas Vlachos

Automatic generation of paraphrases from a given sentence is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing (NLP), and plays a key role in a number of applications such as question answering, search, and dialogue. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Zichao Li , Xin Jiang , Lifeng Shang , Hang Li

We address the text-to-text generation problem of sentence-level paraphrasing -- a phenomenon distinct from and more difficult than word- or phrase-level paraphrasing. Our approach applies multiple-sequence alignment to sentences gathered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Regina Barzilay , Lillian Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to maintain their original performance when faced with semantically coherent but task-irrelevant contextual information. Although prior studies have explored this issue using fixed-template or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yanbo Wang , Zixiang Xu , Yue Huang , Chujie Gao , Siyuan Wu , Jiayi Ye , Pin-Yu Chen , Xiuying Chen , Xiangliang Zhang

Paraphrase generation is a longstanding important problem in natural language processing. In addition, recent progress in deep generative models has shown promising results on discrete latent variables for text generation. Inspired by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Yao Fu , Yansong Feng , John P. Cunningham

Though offering amazing contextualized token-level representations, current pre-trained language models actually take less attention on acquiring sentence-level representation during its self-supervised pre-training. If self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Bohong Wu , Hai Zhao

Today's probabilistic language generators fall short when it comes to producing coherent and fluent text despite the fact that the underlying models perform well under standard metrics, e.g., perplexity. This discrepancy has puzzled the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Clara Meister , Tiago Pimentel , Gian Wiher , Ryan Cotterell

We introduce the Attentive Unsupervised Text (W)riter (AUTR), which is a word level generative model for natural language. It uses a recurrent neural network with a dynamic attention and canvas memory mechanism to iteratively construct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Harshil Shah , Bowen Zheng , David Barber

Existing large language models have to run K times to generate a sequence of K tokens. In this paper, we present RecycleGPT, a generative language model with fast decoding speed by recycling pre-generated model states without running the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yufan Jiang , Qiaozhi He , Xiaomin Zhuang , Zhihua Wu , Kunpeng Wang , Wenlai Zhao , Guangwen Yang

This paper presents a novel unsupervised abstractive summarization method for opinionated texts. While the basic variational autoencoder-based models assume a unimodal Gaussian prior for the latent code of sentences, we alternate it with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Masaru Isonuma , Junichiro Mori , Danushka Bollegala , Ichiro Sakata