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Contrastive learning, which aims at minimizing the distance between positive pairs while maximizing that of negative ones, has been widely and successfully applied in unsupervised feature learning, where the design of positive and negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Rui Zhu , Bingchen Zhao , Jingen Liu , Zhenglong Sun , Chang Wen Chen

Learning by contrasting positive and negative samples is a general strategy adopted by many methods. Noise contrastive estimation (NCE) for word embeddings and translating embeddings for knowledge graphs are examples in NLP employing this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Avishek Joey Bose , Huan Ling , Yanshuai Cao

Contrastive learning is an approach to representation learning that utilizes naturally occurring similar and dissimilar pairs of data points to find useful embeddings of data. In the context of document classification under topic modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Christopher Tosh , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Daniel Hsu

Deep clustering successfully provides more effective features than conventional ones and thus becomes an important technique in current unsupervised learning. However, most deep clustering methods ignore the vital positive and negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Zhiyuan Dang , Cheng Deng , Xu Yang , Heng Huang

Contrastive learning (CL) is a popular technique for self-supervised learning (SSL) of visual representations. It uses pairs of augmentations of unlabeled training examples to define a classification task for pretext learning of a deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Chih-Hui Ho , Nuno Vasconcelos

Negative sampling approaches are prevalent in implicit collaborative filtering for obtaining negative labels from massive unlabeled data. As two major concerns in negative sampling, efficiency and effectiveness are still not fully achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Jingtao Ding , Yuhan Quan , Quanming Yao , Yong Li , Depeng Jin

Detecting anomalies is one fundamental aspect of a safety-critical software system, however, it remains a long-standing problem. Numerous branches of works have been proposed to alleviate the complication and have demonstrated their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Hyunsoo Cho , Jinseok Seol , Sang-goo Lee

Contrastive Learning (CL) has emerged as a dominant technique for unsupervised representation learning which embeds augmented versions of the anchor close to each other (positive samples) and pushes the embeddings of other samples…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jun Xia , Lirong Wu , Ge Wang , Jintao Chen , Stan Z. Li

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in learning effective representations, with supervised contrastive learning often outperforming self-supervised approaches. However, in real-world scenarios, data annotations are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zi-Hao Zhou , Jun-Jie Wang , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Contrastive learning has been applied successfully to learn vector representations of text. Previous research demonstrated that learning high-quality representations benefits from batch-wise contrastive loss with a large number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Luyu Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Jiawei Han , Jamie Callan

Recent breakthroughs in self-supervised learning show that such algorithms learn visual representations that can be transferred better to unseen tasks than joint-training methods relying on task-specific supervision. In this paper, we found…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Hyuntak Cha , Jaeho Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Contrastive learning has been widely studied in sentence representation learning. However, earlier works mainly focus on the construction of positive examples, while in-batch samples are often simply treated as negative examples. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Jinghao Deng , Fanqi Wan , Tao Yang , Xiaojun Quan , Rui Wang

Learning discriminative image representations plays a vital role in long-tailed image classification because it can ease the classifier learning in imbalanced cases. Given the promising performance contrastive learning has shown recently in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Peng Wang , Kai Han , Xiu-Shen Wei , Lei Zhang , Lei Wang

Contrastive learning is a powerful technique to learn representations that are semantically distinctive and geometrically invariant. While most of the earlier approaches have demonstrated its effectiveness on single-modality learning tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Anurag Jain , Yashaswi Verma

Recently, contrastive learning has achieved great results in self-supervised learning, where the main idea is to push two augmentations of an image (positive pairs) closer compared to other random images (negative pairs). We argue that not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Ajinkya Tejankar , Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , Vipin Pillai , Paolo Favaro , Hamed Pirsiavash

Machine unlearning is a complex process that necessitates the model to diminish the influence of the training data while keeping the loss of accuracy to a minimum. Despite the numerous studies on machine unlearning in recent years, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zixin Wang , Kongyang Chen

Contrastive learning relies on constructing a collection of negative examples that are sufficiently hard to discriminate against positive queries when their representations are self-trained. Existing contrastive learning methods either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Qianjiang Hu , Xiao Wang , Wei Hu , Guo-Jun Qi

This paper presents a solution to the challenges faced by contrastive learning in sequential recommendation systems. In particular, it addresses the issue of false negative, which limits the effectiveness of recommendation algorithms. By…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Jaeheyoung Jeon , Jung Hyun Ryu , Jewoong Cho , Myungjoo Kang

In multi-label learning, leveraging contrastive learning to learn better representations faces a key challenge: selecting positive and negative samples and effectively utilizing label information. Previous studies selected positive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Ning Chen , Shen-Huan Lyu , Tian-Shuang Wu , Yanyan Wang , Bin Tang

Contrastive learning is a highly successful technique for learning representations of data from labeled tuples, specifying the distance relations within the tuple. We study the sample complexity of contrastive learning, i.e. the minimum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Noga Alon , Dmitrii Avdiukhin , Dor Elboim , Orr Fischer , Grigory Yaroslavtsev