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There is a constant trade-off between the utility of the data collected and processed by the many systems forming the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution and the privacy concerns of the users living in the spaces hosting these sensors.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Marlon P. da Silva , Henry C. Nunes , Charles V. Neu , Luana T. Thomas , Avelino F. Zorzo , Charles Morisset

In this work, we proposes a CO2-temperature network model that links multi-zone mass transport and thermal dynamics through shared latent drivers, airflow and occupancy. The thermal component is formulated as a resistance-capacitance (RC)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Zhijian Wang , Stein K. F. Stoter , Clemens V. Verhoosel , Idoia Cortes Garcia

Robotic learning in simulation environments provides a faster, more scalable, and safer training methodology than learning directly with physical robots. Also, synthesizing images in a simulation environment for collecting large-scale image…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Tadanobu Inoue , Subhajit Chaudhury , Giovanni De Magistris , Sakyasingha Dasgupta

In this paper, we present a room occupancy sensing solution with unique properties: (i) It is based on an omnidirectional vision camera, capturing rich scene info over a wide angle, enabling to count the number of people in a room and even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Timothy Callemein , Kristof Van Beeck , Toon Goedemé

This article presents a new methodology for extracting intervals when a home is vacant from low-frequency electricity consumption data. The approach combines multiple algorithms, including change point detection, classification, period…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Thomas Brilland , Guillaume Matheron , Laetitia Leduc , Yukihide Nakada

This paper investigates non-intrusive occupancy detection methods for residential buildings using environmental sensor data from the KTH Live-In Lab in Stockholm, Sweden. Three machine learning approaches, namely, logistic regression (LR),…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Mahsa Farjadnia , Katayoun Eshkofti , Albin Apell , Tilde Hjalmarsson , Karl Henrik Johansson , Angela Fontan , Marco Molinari

Detecting the presence of persons and estimating their quantity in an indoor environment has grown in importance recently. For example, the information if a room is unoccupied can be used for automatically switching off the light, air…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-18 Florenc Demrozi , Cristian Turetta , Fabio Chiarani , Philipp H. Kindt , Graziano Pravadelli

Understanding the locations of occupants in a commercial built environment is critical for realizing energy savings by delivering lighting, heating, and cooling only where it is needed. The key to achieving this goal is being able to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hao Lu , Richard J. Radke

Synthetic data is being used lately for training deep neural networks in computer vision applications such as object detection, object segmentation and 6D object pose estimation. Domain randomization hereby plays an important role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Parth Rawal , Mrunal Sompura , Wolfgang Hintze

In carbon capture and sequestration, developing effective monitoring methods is needed to detect and respond to CO2 leakage. CO2 leakage detection methods rely on geophysical observations and monitoring sensor network. However, traditional…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Zheng Zhou , Youzuo Lin , Zhongping Zhang , Yue Wu , Zan Wang , Robert Dilmore , George Guthrie

We present results from a set of experiments in this pilot study to investigate the causal influence of user activity on various environmental parameters monitored by occupant carried multi-purpose sensors. Hypotheses with respect to each…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ming Jin , Han Zou , Kevin Weekly , Ruoxi Jia , Alexandre M. Bayen , Costas J. Spanos

This paper presents a multi-layer perceptron model for the estimation of classrooms number of occupants from sensed indoor environmental data-relative humidity, air temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration. The modelling datasets were…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Eugénio Rodrigues , Luísa Dias Pereira , Adélio Rodrigues Gaspar , Álvaro Gomes , Manuel Carlos Gameiro da Silva

Performance on benchmark datasets has drastically improved with advances in deep learning. Still, cross-dataset generalization performance remains relatively low due to the domain shift that can occur between two different datasets. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Alexandra Carlson , Katherine A. Skinner , Ram Vasudevan , Matthew Johnson-Roberson

This report documents recent technical work on developing and validating stochastic occupancy models in commercial buildings, performed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) as part of the Sensor Impact Evaluation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Soumya Kundu , Saptarshi Bhattacharya , Himanshu Sharma , Veronica Adetola

Capturing and labeling camera images in the real world is an expensive task, whereas synthesizing labeled images in a simulation environment is easy for collecting large-scale image data. However, learning from only synthetic images may not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Tadanobu Inoue , Subhajit Chaudhury , Giovanni De Magistris , Sakyasingha Dasgupta

Camera-based 3D semantic occupancy prediction offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for perceiving surrounding scenes in autonomous driving. However, existing works rely on explicit occupancy state inference, leading to numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Naiyu Fang , Zheyuan Zhou , Kang Wang , Ruibo Li , Lemiao Qiu , Shuyou Zhang , Zhe Wang , Guosheng Lin

Representing the 3D environment with instance-aware semantic and geometric information is crucial for interaction-aware robots in dynamic environments. Nevertheless, creating such a representation poses challenges due to sensor noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Gang Chen , Zhaoying Wang , Wei Dong , Javier Alonso-Mora

In recent years, deep learning models have resulted in a huge amount of progress in various areas, including computer vision. By nature, the supervised training of deep models requires a large amount of data to be available. This ideal case…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Farzan Erlik Nowruzi , Prince Kapoor , Dhanvin Kolhatkar , Fahed Al Hassanat , Robert Laganiere , Julien Rebut

Embodied intelligence requires high-fidelity simulation environments to support perception and decision-making, yet existing platforms often suffer from data contamination and limited flexibility. To mitigate this, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Lechao Zhang , Haoran Xu , Jingyu Gong , Xuhong Wang , Yuan Xie , Xin Tan

In perception tasks of automated vehicles (AVs) data-driven have often outperformed conventional approaches. This motivated us to develop a data-driven methodology to compute occupancy grid maps (OGMs) from lidar measurements. Our approach…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Raphael van Kempen , Bastian Lampe , Lennart Reiher , Timo Woopen , Till Beemelmanns , Lutz Eckstein