Related papers: Improving Helium Abundance Determinations with Leo…
This paper investigates the effect of collisional enhancement of the hydrogen lines on the derivation of the helium abundances in low metallicity H II regions. For this, we have constructed a grid of photoionization models relevant for the…
At altitudes of about 1.05 solar radii or more, the corona above quiet solar regions becomes essentially isothermal. This obviates many of the difficulties associated with the inverse problem of determining emission measure distributions,…
For the first time, the helium abundance relative to hydrogen (He/H), which relied on direct measurements of the electron temperature, has been derived in the narrow line regions (NLRs) from a local sample of Seyfert 2 nuclei. In view of…
We discuss the effects of collisional enhancement of Balmer lines on the determination of the primordial helium abundance. To this aim, we present a photoionization model of the metal-poor extragalactic HII region SBS 0335--052. We show…
Monte Carlo techniques have been used to evaluate the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the helium abundances derived from extragalactic H~II regions. The helium abundance is sensitive to several physical parameters associated…
This work presents a Bayesian algorithm to fit the recombination and collisionally excited line spectra of gas photoionized by clusters of young stars. The current model consists in fourteen dimensions: two electron temperatures, one…
There is evidence for temperature fluctuations in Planetary Nebulae and in Galactic HII regions. If such fluctuations occur in the low-metallicity, extragalactic HII regions used to probe the primordial helium abundance, the derived 4He…
We carried out an exploratory analysis of the contribution of the underlying stellar absorption to the total uncertainty of the abundance of primordial helium using simple stellar populations models and observational data from the Sloan…
Recent precise determinations of the primordial He-abundance (Y_p) from cosmic microwave background (CMB) analyses and cosmological nucleosynthesis computations, provide Y_p=0.248$\pm$0.001. On the other hand, recent works on the initial…
Helium and hydrogen recombination lines observed in low-metallicity, extragalactic, HII regions provide the data used to infer the primordial helium mass fraction, Y_P. In deriving abundances from observations, the correction for unseen…
For the first time, a calibration between the HeI $\lambda5876$/H$\beta$ emission line ratio and the helium abundance $y$=12+log(He/H) for Narrow line regions (NLRs) of Seyfert~2 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is proposed. In this context,…
We investigate the possible impact of diffusion on the abundance of helium and other primordial elements during formation of the first structures in the early Universe. We consider the primary collapse of a perturbation and subsequent…
We report the first direct measurement of the helium isotope ratio, 3He/4He, outside of the Local Interstellar Cloud, as part of science verification observations with the upgraded CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES). Our…
A direct measure of the helium abundances from the near-infrared transition of He I at 1.08 micron is obtained for two nearly identical red giant stars in the globular cluster Omega Centauri. One star exhibits the He I line; the line is…
Spectrophotometry in the 3400-7400 range is presented for 13 areas of the brightest H II region in the SMC: NGC 346. The observations were obtained at CTIO with the 4-m telescope. Based on these observations its chemical composition is…
Lithium is one of the few primordially produced elements. The value of the primordial Li is taken to be that observed in metal--poor dwarfs, where it is not contaminated by stellar Li sources which act on longer time scales. The atmospheric…
Intermediate degree modes of the solar oscillations have previously been used to determine the solar helium abundance to a high degree of precision. However, we cannot expect to observe such modes in other stars. In this work we investigate…
Knowing accurate Pb abundances of metal-poor stars provides constraints on the Pb production mechanisms in the early Galaxy. Accurately deriving Th abundances permits a nucleo-chronometric age determination of the star. We improve the…
We use nearby K dwarf stars to measure the helium-to-metal enrichment ratio, a diagnostic of the chemical history of the Solar Neighbourhood. Our sample of K dwarfs has homogeneously determined effective temperatures, bolometric…
The light relic density affects the thermal and expansion history of the early Universe leaving a number of observable imprints. We focus on the primordial abundances of light elements produced during the process of Big Bang nucleosynthesis…