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Multimodal embedding models, built upon causal Vision Language Models (VLMs), have shown promise in various tasks. However, current approaches face three key limitations: the use of causal attention in VLM backbones is suboptimal for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haonan Chen , Hong Liu , Yuping Luo , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Furu Wei , Zhicheng Dou

Automatically generated synthetic training examples have been shown to improve performance in machine reading comprehension (MRC). Compared to human annotated gold standard data, synthetic training data has unique properties, such as high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Yanda Chen , Md Arafat Sultan , Vittorio Castelli

The paper focuses on the interpretability of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) evaluation metrics, which received little attention in previous studies. To bridge the gap, we introduce **CLEME2.0**, a reference-based metric describing four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jingheng Ye , Zishan Xu , Yinghui Li , Linlin Song , Qingyu Zhou , Hai-Tao Zheng , Ying Shen , Wenhao Jiang , Hong-Gee Kim , Ruitong Liu , Xin Su , Zifei Shan

This paper presents a systematic review of benchmarks and approaches for explainability in Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC). We present how the representation and inference challenges evolved and the steps which were taken to tackle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Mokanarangan Thayaparan , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) requires models to localize objects in images based on natural language descriptions. Research on the area remains predominantly English-centric, despite increasing global deployment demands. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Francisco Nogueira , Alexandre Bernardino , Bruno Martins

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) reveals the ability to understand a given text passage and answer questions based on it. Existing research works in MRC rely heavily on large-size models and corpus to improve the performance evaluated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xiaoqiang Wang , Bang Liu , Fangli Xu , Bo Long , Siliang Tang , Lingfei Wu

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is an active field in natural language processing with many successful developed models in recent years. Despite their high in-distribution accuracy, these models suffer from two issues: high training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Razieh Baradaran , Hossein Amirkhani

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various benchmark tasks. While providing instructions to LLMs for guiding their generations is user-friendly, assessing their instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rem Hida , Junki Ohmura , Toshiyuki Sekiya

How (dis)similar are the learning trajectories of vision-language models and children? Recent modeling work has attempted to understand the gap between models' and humans' data efficiency by constructing models trained on less data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Alvin Wei Ming Tan , Sunny Yu , Bria Long , Wanjing Anya Ma , Tonya Murray , Rebecca D. Silverman , Jason D. Yeatman , Michael C. Frank

In commonsense generation, given a set of input concepts, a model must generate a response that is not only commonsense bearing, but also capturing multiple diverse viewpoints. Numerous evaluation metrics based on form- and content-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tianhui Zhang , Bei Peng , Danushka Bollegala

Reading comprehension has recently seen rapid progress, with systems matching humans on the most popular datasets for the task. However, a large body of work has highlighted the brittleness of these systems, showing that there is much work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Dheeru Dua , Yizhong Wang , Pradeep Dasigi , Gabriel Stanovsky , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner

Automatically predicting how difficult it is for humans to understand a code snippet can assist developers in tasks like deciding when and where to refactor. Despite many proposed code comprehensibility metrics, studies have shown they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nadeeshan De Silva , Martin Kellogg , Oscar Chaparro

Cross-lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (xMRC) is challenging due to the lack of training data in low-resource languages. The recent approaches use training data only in a resource-rich language like English to fine-tune large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Nuo Chen , Linjun Shou , Min Gong , Jian Pei , Daxin Jiang

Research on conversational search has so far mostly focused on query rewriting and multi-stage passage retrieval. However, synthesizing the top retrieved passages into a complete, relevant, and concise response is still an open challenge.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog

Referring expression comprehension (REC) involves localizing a target instance based on a textual description. Recent advancements in REC have been driven by large multimodal models (LMMs) like CogVLM, which achieved 92.44% accuracy on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Jierun Chen , Fangyun Wei , Jinjing Zhao , Sizhe Song , Bohuai Wu , Zhuoxuan Peng , S. -H. Gary Chan , Hongyang Zhang

Numerical reasoning based machine reading comprehension is a task that involves reading comprehension along with using arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, sorting, and counting. The DROP benchmark (Dua et al., 2019) is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Hadeel Al-Negheimish , Pranava Madhyastha , Alessandra Russo

Although current state-of-the-art language models have achieved impressive results in numerous natural language processing tasks, still they could not solve the problem of producing repetitive, dull and sometimes inconsistent text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 An Nguyen

We present Voice Evaluation of Reasoning Ability (VERA), a benchmark for evaluating reasoning ability in voice-interactive systems under real-time conversational constraints. VERA comprises 2,931 voice-native episodes derived from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-01 Yueqian Lin , Zhengmian Hu , Qinsi Wang , Yudong Liu , Hengfan Zhang , Jayakumar Subramanian , Nikos Vlassis , Hai Helen Li , Yiran Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes decision-making. Inspired by the theory of \emph{inattentional blindness} in human cognition, we investigate whether LLMs, trained on human-preferred corpora that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuanqing Cai , Ziyi Huang , Minhao Liu , Lixin Duan , Wen Li , Yanru Zhang

Generative language models are usually pretrained on large text corpus via predicting the next token (i.e., sub-word/word/phrase) given the previous ones. Recent works have demonstrated the impressive performance of large generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhenpeng Su , Xing Wu , Xue Bai , Zijia Lin , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu