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Today, ground-truth generation uses data sets annotated by cloud-based annotation services. These services rely on human annotation, which can be prohibitively expensive. In this paper, we consider the problem of hybrid human-machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Hang Qiu , Krishna Chintalapudi , Ramesh Govindan

This work addresses challenges arising from extracting entities from textual data, including the high cost of data annotation, model accuracy, selecting appropriate evaluation criteria, and the overall quality of annotation. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Hussein S. Al-Olimat , Steven Gustafson , Jason Mackay , Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan , Amit Sheth

Auto-annotation by ensemble of models is an efficient method of learning on unlabeled data. Wrong or inaccurate annotations generated by the ensemble may lead to performance degradation of the trained model. To deal with this problem we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Dror Simon , Miriam Farber , Roman Goldenberg

Machine learning relies heavily on data, yet the continuous growth of real-world data poses challenges for efficient dataset construction and training. A fundamental yet unsolved question is: given our current model and data, does a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Ziheng Qin , Hailun Xu , Wei Chee Yew , Qi Jia , Yang Luo , Kanchan Sarkar , Danhui Guan , Kai Wang , Yang You

Voice-controlled dialog systems have become immensely popular due to their ability to perform a wide range of actions in response to diverse user queries. These agents possess a predefined set of skills or intents to fulfill specific user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ankan Mullick , Sukannya Purkayastha , Saransh Sharma , Pawan Goyal , Niloy Ganguly

Assigning labels to instances is crucial for supervised machine learning. In this paper, we proposed a novel annotation method called Q&A labeling, which involves a question generator that asks questions about the labels of the instances to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Kota Kawamoto , Masato Uchida

There is a broad range of BioNLP tasks for which active learning (AL) can significantly reduce annotation costs and a specific AL algorithm we have developed is particularly effective in reducing annotation costs for these tasks. We have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Michael Bloodgood , K. Vijay-Shanker

Annually, research teams spend large amounts of money to evaluate the quality of machine translation systems (WMT, inter alia). This is expensive because it requires a lot of expert human labor. In the recently adopted annotation protocol,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Vilém Zouhar , Tom Kocmi , Mrinmaya Sachan

Recent success of deep learning models for the task of extractive Question Answering (QA) is hinged on the availability of large annotated corpora. However, large domain specific annotated corpora are limited and expensive to construct. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Bhuwan Dhingra , Danish Pruthi , Dheeraj Rajagopal

Preference optimization is a standard approach to fine-tuning large language models to align with human preferences. The quantity, diversity, and representativeness of the preference dataset are critical to the effectiveness of preference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yuu Jinnai , Ukyo Honda

Producing the required amounts of training data for machine learning and NLP tasks often involves human annotators doing very repetitive and monotonous work. In this paper, we present and evaluate our novel annotation framework DALPHI,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Robert Greinacher , Franziska Horn

We discuss the problem of building a compiler which can lift in a provably correct way pieces of information on the execution cost of the object code to cost annotations on the source code. To this end, we need a clear and flexible picture…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-10-11 Roberto M. Amadio , Nicolas Ayache , Yann Régis-Gianas , Ronan Saillard

Many recent approaches to natural language tasks are built on the remarkable abilities of large language models. Large language models can perform in-context learning, where they learn a new task from a few task demonstrations, without any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Hongjin Su , Jungo Kasai , Chen Henry Wu , Weijia Shi , Tianlu Wang , Jiayi Xin , Rui Zhang , Mari Ostendorf , Luke Zettlemoyer , Noah A. Smith , Tao Yu

Active Learning (AL) aims to reduce annotation costs by strategically selecting the most informative samples for labeling. However, most active learning methods struggle in the low-budget regime where only a few labeled examples are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Netta Shafir , Guy Hacohen , Daphna Weinshall

Annotating large datasets can be challenging. However, crowd-sourcing is often expensive and can lack quality, especially for non-trivial tasks. We propose a method of using LLMs as few-shot learners for annotating data in a complex natural…

Improvements in text generation technologies such as machine translation have necessitated more costly and time-consuming human evaluation procedures to ensure an accurate signal. We investigate a simple way to reduce cost by reducing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Belén Saldías , George Foster , Markus Freitag , Qijun Tan

Active learning is a paradigm aimed at reducing the annotation effort by training the model on actively selected informative and/or representative samples. Another paradigm to reduce the annotation effort is self-training that learns from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Javad Zolfaghari Bengar , Joost van de Weijer , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Bogdan Raducanu

As the number of applications that use machine learning algorithms increases, the need for labeled data useful for training such algorithms intensifies. Getting labels typically involves employing humans to do the annotation, which directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Alexandros Ntoulas , Omar Alonso , Vasilis Kandylas

Gate-defined semiconductor quantum dot (QD) arrays are a promising platform for quantum computing. However, presently, the large configuration spaces and inherent noise make tuning of QD devices a nontrivial task and with the increasing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-12-19 Brian Weber , Justyna P. Zwolak

The increase in data collection has made data annotation an interesting and valuable task in the contemporary world. This paper presents a new methodology for quickly annotating data using click-supervision and hierarchical object…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Adithya Subramanian , Anbumani Subramanian