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As conversational search becomes more pervasive, it becomes increasingly important to understand the user's underlying information needs when they converse with such systems in diverse domains. We conduct an in-situ study to understand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Alexander Frummet , David Elsweiler , Bernd Ludwig

We introduce Social IQa, the first largescale benchmark for commonsense reasoning about social situations. Social IQa contains 38,000 multiple choice questions for probing emotional and social intelligence in a variety of everyday…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Maarten Sap , Hannah Rashkin , Derek Chen , Ronan LeBras , Yejin Choi

Existing techniques for training language models can be misaligned with the truth: if we train models with imitation learning, they may reproduce errors that humans make; if we train them to generate text that humans rate highly, they may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Collin Burns , Haotian Ye , Dan Klein , Jacob Steinhardt

Neural Conversational QA tasks like ShARC require systems to answer questions based on the contents of a given passage. On studying recent state-of-the-art models on the ShARCQA task, we found indications that the models learn spurious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Nikhil Verma , Abhishek Sharma , Dhiraj Madan , Danish Contractor , Harshit Kumar , Sachindra Joshi

_Uncertainty expressions_ such as "probably" or "highly unlikely" are pervasive in human language. While prior work has established that there is population-level agreement in terms of how humans quantitatively interpret these expressions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Catarina G Belem , Markelle Kelly , Mark Steyvers , Sameer Singh , Padhraic Smyth

Figurative language is commonplace in natural language, and while making communication memorable and creative, can be difficult to understand. In this work, we investigate the robustness of Question Answering (QA) models on figurative text.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Geetanjali Rakshit , Jeffrey Flanigan

Implicit Sentiment Analysis (ISA) is a crucial research area in natural language processing. Inspired by the idea of large language model Chain of Thought (CoT), this paper introduces a Sentiment Analysis of Thinking (SAoT) framework. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Zhihua Duan , Jialin Wang

Many neural network models nowadays have achieved promising performances in Chit-chat settings. The majority of them rely on an encoder for understanding the post and a decoder for generating the response. Without given assigned semantics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Hung-Ting Chen , Yu-Chieh Chao , Ta-Hsuan Chao , Wei-Yun Ma

This study investigates the behaviors of Large Language Models (LLMs) when faced with conflicting prompts versus their internal memory. This will not only help to understand LLMs' decision mechanism but also benefit real-world applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Jiahao Ying , Yixin Cao , Kai Xiong , Yidong He , Long Cui , Yongbin Liu

In implicit discourse relation classification, we want to predict the relation between adjacent sentences in the absence of any overt discourse connectives. This is challenging even for humans, leading to shortage of annotated data, a fact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Murathan Kurfalı , Robert Östling

Open-domain conversational agents or chatbots are becoming increasingly popular in the natural language processing community. One of the challenges is enabling them to converse in an empathetic manner. Current neural response generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Anuradha Welivita , Pearl Pu

We investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit altruistic tendencies, and critically, whether their implicit associations and self-reports predict actual altruistic behavior. Using a multi-method approach inspired by human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Sandro Andric

Compositional, structured models are appealing because they explicitly decompose problems and provide interpretable intermediate outputs that give confidence that the model is not simply latching onto data artifacts. Learning these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Nitish Gupta , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner , Dan Roth

Although neural conversation models are effective in learning how to produce fluent responses, their primary challenge lies in knowing what to say to make the conversation contentful and non-vacuous. We present a new end-to-end approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Lianhui Qin , Michel Galley , Chris Brockett , Xiaodong Liu , Xiang Gao , Bill Dolan , Yejin Choi , Jianfeng Gao

Sarcasm is a sophisticated speech act which commonly manifests on social communities such as Twitter and Reddit. The prevalence of sarcasm on the social web is highly disruptive to opinion mining systems due to not only its tendency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Yi Tay , Luu Anh Tuan , Siu Cheung Hui , Jian Su

Communicative interactions involve a kind of procedural knowledge that is used by the human brain for processing verbal and nonverbal inputs and for language production. Although considerable work has been done on modeling human language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-17 Bruno Golosio , Angelo Cangelosi , Olesya Gamotina , Giovanni Luca Masala

A class of explainable NLP models for reasoning tasks support their decisions by generating free-form or structured explanations, but what happens when these supporting structures contain errors? Our goal is to allow users to interactively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Aman Madaan , Niket Tandon , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Yiming Yang , Peter Clark , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Ed Hovy

While conversing with chatbots, humans typically tend to ask many questions, a significant portion of which can be answered by referring to large-scale knowledge graphs (KG). While Question Answering (QA) and dialog systems have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Amrita Saha , Vardaan Pahuja , Mitesh M. Khapra , Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Sarath Chandar

Despite widespread use of LLMs as conversational agents, evaluations of performance fail to capture a crucial aspect of communication: interpreting language in context -- incorporating its pragmatics. Humans interpret language using beliefs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Laura Ruis , Akbir Khan , Stella Biderman , Sara Hooker , Tim Rocktäschel , Edward Grefenstette

Empathy is central to human connection, yet people often struggle to express it effectively. In blinded evaluations, large language models (LLMs) generate responses that are often judged more empathic than human-written ones. Yet when a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aakriti Kumar , Nalin Poungpeth , Diyi Yang , Bruce Lambert , Matthew Groh