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The optimization of expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions over combinatorial structures is an ubiquitous task in machine learning, engineering and the natural sciences. The combinatorial explosion of the search space and costly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-11 Ricardo Baptista , Matthias Poloczek

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient framework for solving black-box optimization problems with expensive function evaluations. This paper addresses the BO problem setting for combinatorial spaces (e.g., sequences and graphs) that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Aryan Deshwal , Syrine Belakaria , Janardhan Rao Doppa

Ensuring high accuracy and efficiency of predictive models is paramount in the aerospace industry, particularly in the context of multidisciplinary design and optimization processes. These processes often require numerous evaluations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 James M. Shihua , Paul Saves , Rhea P. Liem , Joseph Morlier

Bayesian optimisation (BO) uses probabilistic surrogate models - usually Gaussian processes (GPs) - for the optimisation of expensive black-box functions. At each BO iteration, the GP hyperparameters are fit to previously-evaluated data by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 George De Ath , Richard Everson , Jonathan Fieldsend

We consider the problem of optimizing expensive black-box functions over high-dimensional combinatorial spaces which arises in many science, engineering, and ML applications. We use Bayesian Optimization (BO) and propose a novel surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Aryan Deshwal , Sebastian Ament , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy , Janardhan Rao Doppa , David Eriksson

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient method for optimizing expensive black-box functions. In real-world applications, BO often faces a major problem of missing values in inputs. The missing inputs can happen in two cases. First, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Phuc Luong , Dang Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Santu Rana , Svetha Venkatesh

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a class of black-box, surrogate-based heuristics that can efficiently optimize problems that are expensive to evaluate, and hence admit only small evaluation budgets. BO is particularly popular for solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Maria Laura Santoni , Elena Raponi , Renato De Leone , Carola Doerr

Tree ensembles can be well-suited for black-box optimization tasks such as algorithm tuning and neural architecture search, as they achieve good predictive performance with little or no manual tuning, naturally handle discrete feature…

Bayesian Optimisation (BO) is a state-of-the-art global optimisation technique for black-box problems where derivative information is unavailable, and sample efficiency is crucial. However, improving the general scalability of BO has proved…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-13 Luo Long , Coralia Cartis , Paz Fink Shustin

Bayesian optimization is a powerful optimization tool for problems where native first-order derivatives are unavailable. Recently, constrained Bayesian optimization (CBO) has been applied to many engineering applications where constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-21 J. Wang , C. G. Petra , J. L. Peterson

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular approach for sample-efficient optimization of black-box objective functions. While BO has been successfully applied to a wide range of scientific applications, traditional approaches to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Natalie Maus , Kaiwen Wu , David Eriksson , Jacob Gardner

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) stands as a pivotal technology for fostering a sustainable future. The process, which involves injecting supercritical CO$_2$ into underground formations, a method already widely used for Enhanced Oil…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sofianos Panagiotis Fotias , Vassilis Gaganis

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a class of sample-efficient global optimization methods, where a probabilistic model conditioned on previous observations is used to determine future evaluations via the optimization of an acquisition function.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Eric Hans Lee , David Eriksson , Bolong Cheng , Michael McCourt , David Bindel

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a sample-efficient approach to optimizing costly-to-evaluate black-box functions. Most BO methods ignore how evaluation costs may vary over the optimization domain. However, these costs can be highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Raul Astudillo , Daniel R. Jiang , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy , Peter I. Frazier

Bayesian optimization is a methodology for global optimization of unknown and expensive objectives. It combines a surrogate Bayesian regression model with an acquisition function to decide where to evaluate the objective. Typical regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Afonso Eduardo , Michael U. Gutmann

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an effective technique for black-box optimization. However, its applicability is typically limited to moderate-budget problems due to the cubic complexity of fitting the Gaussian process (GP) surrogate model.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-13 Qiyu Wei , Haowei Wang , Zirui Cao , Songhao Wang , Richard Allmendinger , Mauricio A Álvarez

Scaling Bayesian optimisation (BO) to high-dimensional search spaces is a active and open research problems particularly when no assumptions are made on function structure. The main reason is that at each iteration, BO requires to find…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Hung Tran-The , Sunil Gupta , Santu Rana , Svetha Venkatesh

Optimisation problems often have multiple conflicting objectives that can be computationally and/or financially expensive. Mono-surrogate Bayesian optimisation (BO) is a popular model-based approach for optimising such black-box functions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 George De Ath , Tinkle Chugh , Alma A. M. Rahat

How should we intervene on an unknown structural equation model to maximize a downstream variable of interest? This setting, also known as causal Bayesian optimization (CBO), has important applications in medicine, ecology, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Scott Sussex , Anastasiia Makarova , Andreas Krause

Optimizing expensive black-box objectives over mixed search spaces is a common challenge across the natural sciences. Bayesian optimization (BO) offers sample-efficient strategies through probabilistic surrogate models and acquisition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuhao Zhang , Ti John , Matthias Stosiek , Patrick Rinke
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