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The rapid proliferation of AI-manipulated or generated audio deepfakes poses serious challenges to media integrity and election security. Current AI-driven detection solutions lack explainability and underperform in real-world settings. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Georgia Channing , Juil Sock , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Christian Schroeder de Witt

The advent of social media in recent years has fed into some highly undesirable phenomena such as proliferation of offensive language, hate speech, sexist remarks, etc. on the Internet. In light of this, there have been several efforts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Pushkar Mishra , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

Evidence-enhanced detectors present remarkable abilities in identifying malicious social text. However, the rise of large language models (LLMs) brings potential risks of evidence pollution to confuse detectors. This paper explores…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Herun Wan , Minnan Luo , Zhixiong Su , Guang Dai , Xiang Zhao

The open-endedness of large language models (LLMs) combined with their impressive capabilities may lead to new safety issues when being exploited for malicious use. While recent studies primarily focus on probing toxic outputs that can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jiaxin Wen , Pei Ke , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Chengfei Li , Jinfeng Bai , Minlie Huang

Robust speaker recognition, including in the presence of malicious attacks, is becoming increasingly important and essential, especially due to the proliferation of several smart speakers and personal agents that interact with an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Arindam Jati , Chin-Cheng Hsu , Monisankha Pal , Raghuveer Peri , Wael AbdAlmageed , Shrikanth Narayanan

We provide a comprehensive investigation of different custom and off-the-shelf architectures as well as different approaches to generating feature vectors for offensive language detection. We also show that these approaches work well on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Harrison Uglow , Martin Zlocha , Szymon Zmyślony

Implicit hate speech has recently emerged as a critical challenge for social media platforms. While much of the research has traditionally focused on harmful speech in general, the need for generalizable techniques to detect veiled and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Saad Almohaimeed , Saleh Almohaimeed , Damla Turgut , Ladislau Bölöni

In this work, we consider the task of automated emphasis detection for spoken language. This problem is challenging in that emphasis is affected by the particularities of speech of the subject, for example the subject accent, dialect or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Eran Kaufman , Lee-Ad Gottlieb

Toxicity detection is crucial for maintaining the peace of the society. While existing methods perform well on normal toxic contents or those generated by specific perturbation methods, they are vulnerable to evolving perturbation patterns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hankun Kang , Jianhao Chen , Yongqi Li , Xin Miao , Mayi Xu , Ming Zhong , Yuanyuan Zhu , Tieyun Qian

Understanding toxicity in user conversations is undoubtedly an important problem. Addressing "covert" or implicit cases of toxicity is particularly hard and requires context. Very few previous studies have analysed the influence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Atijit Anuchitanukul , Julia Ive , Lucia Specia

Speech deepfakes pose a significant threat to personal security and content authenticity. Several detectors have been proposed in the literature, and one of the primary challenges these systems have to face is the generalization over unseen…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Viola Negroni , Davide Salvi , Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

In this paper the current status and open challenges of synthetic speech detection are addressed. The work comprises an initial analysis of available open datasets and of existing detection methods, a description of the requirements for new…

The rise of cyberbullying in social media platforms involving toxic comments has escalated the need for effective ways to monitor and moderate online interactions. Existing solutions of automated toxicity detection systems, are based on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Michail S. Alexiou , J. Sukarno Mertoguno

Speaker verification has been widely and successfully adopted in many mission-critical areas for user identification. The training of speaker verification requires a large amount of data, therefore users usually need to adopt third-party…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Tongqing Zhai , Yiming Li , Ziqi Zhang , Baoyuan Wu , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Large pre-trained language models are often trained on large volumes of internet data, some of which may contain toxic or abusive language. Consequently, language models encode toxic information, which makes the real-world usage of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Andrew Wang , Mohit Sudhakar , Yangfeng Ji

Safety classifiers are critical in mitigating toxicity on online forums such as social media and in chatbots. Still, they continue to be vulnerable to emergent, and often innumerable, adversarial attacks. Traditional automated adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yash Kumar Lal , Preethi Lahoti , Aradhana Sinha , Yao Qin , Ananth Balashankar

Existing backdoor defense methods are only effective for limited trigger types. To defend different trigger types at once, we start from the class-irrelevant nature of the poisoning process and propose a novel weakly supervised backdoor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Lesheng Jin , Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang

The advancements in generative AI have enabled the improvement of audio synthesis models, including text-to-speech and voice conversion. This raises concerns about its potential misuse in social manipulation and political interference, as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Hong-Hanh Nguyen-Le , Van-Tuan Tran , Dinh-Thuc Nguyen , Nhien-An Le-Khac

Speaker verification systems are vulnerable to spoofing attacks which presents a major problem in their real-life deployment. To date, most of the proposed synthetic speech detectors (SSDs) have weighted the importance of different segments…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Ali Khodabakhsh , Cenk Demiroglu