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Runtime verification is an effective automated method for specification-based offline testing and analysis as well as online monitoring of complex systems. The specification language is often a variant of regular expressions or a popular…
With LLM watermarking already being deployed commercially, practical applications increasingly require multibit watermarks that encode more complex payloads, such as user IDs or timestamps, into the generated text. In this work, we propose…
Verification of C++ programs has seen considerable progress in several areas, but not for programs that use these languages' mathematical libraries. The reason is that all libraries in widespread use come with no guarantees about the…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation. It now becomes crucial to identify whether the code is AI-generated and to determine the specific model used, particularly for purposes such as protecting…
We study the design of storage-efficient algorithms for emulating atomic shared memory over an asynchronous, distributed message-passing system. Our first algorithm is an atomic single-writer multi-reader algorithm based on a novel…
System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…
This study is an attempt to build a contemporary linguistic corpus for Arabic language. The corpus produced, is a text corpus includes more than five million newspaper articles. It contains over a billion and a half words in total, out of…
Informal transliteration from other languages to English is prevalent in social media threads, instant messaging, and discussion forums. Without identifying the language of such transliterated text, users who do not speak that language…
Context: Software programs can be written in different but functionally equivalent ways. Even though previous research has compared specific formatting elements to find out which alternatives affect code legibility, seeing the bigger…
Recent development of large language models (LLMs) for code like CodeX and CodeT5+ demonstrates tremendous promise in achieving code intelligence. Their ability of synthesizing code that completes a program for performing a pre-defined task…
We propose a novel approach to optimizing a byte-level representation for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR). Byte-level representation is often used by large scale multilingual ASR systems when the character set of the supported…
In science we often use established code that was developed many years ago. Frequently the documentation is lost and many of us know the feeling of putting a number in the wrong column and trying to understand why the program is not…
Classification of personal text messages has many useful applications in surveillance, e-commerce, and mental health care, to name a few. Giving applications access to personal texts can easily lead to (un)intentional privacy violations. We…
While natural language processing tools have been developed extensively for some of the world's languages, a significant portion of the world's over 7000 languages are still neglected. One reason for this is that evaluation datasets do not…
Recently, text watermarking algorithms for large language models (LLMs) have been proposed to mitigate the potential harms of text generated by LLMs, including fake news and copyright issues. However, current watermark detection algorithms…
Motivated by signal processing, we present a new class of channel codes, called signal codes, for continuous-alphabet channels. Signal codes are lattice codes whose encoding is done by convolving an integer information sequence with a fixed…
A major consideration in multilingual language modeling is how to best represent languages with diverse vocabularies and scripts. Although contemporary text encoding methods cover most of the world's writing systems, they exhibit bias…
Quantum bit seal is a way to encode a classical bit quantum mechanically so that everyone can obtain non-zero information on the value of the bit. Moreover, such an attempt should have a high chance of being detected by an authorized…
In the digital era, accidental exposure of sensitive information such as API keys, tokens, and credentials is a growing security threat. While most prior work focuses on detecting secrets in source code, leakage in software issue reports…
Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated satisfying general instruction following ability. However, small LLMs with about 7B parameters still struggle fine-grained format following (e.g., JSON format), which seriously hinder…