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We consider the ubiquitous technique of VByte compression, which represents each integer as a variable length sequence of bytes. The low 7 bits of each byte encode a portion of the integer, and the high bit of each byte is reserved as a…
We propose an imperceptible multi-bit text watermark embedded by paraphrasing with LLMs. We fine-tune a pair of LLM paraphrasers that are designed to behave differently so that their paraphrasing difference reflected in the text semantics…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in complex natural language processing tasks but raise privacy and security concerns due to the lack of identity recognition. This paper proposes a multi-party credible watermarking framework…
Cryptographic hash functions for calculating the message digest of a message has been in practical use as an effective measure to maintain message integrity since a few decades. This message digest is unique, irreversible and avoids all…
Unit testing is a vital part of the software development process and involves developers writing code to verify or assert production code. Furthermore, to help comprehend the test case and troubleshoot issues, developers have the option to…
We propose a system for marking sensitive or copyrighted texts to detect their use in fine-tuning large language models under black-box access with statistical guarantees. Our method builds digital ``marks'' using invisible Unicode…
Program obfuscation is a widely employed approach for software intellectual property protection. However, general obfuscation methods (e.g., lexical obfuscation, control obfuscation) implemented in mainstream obfuscation tools are heuristic…
Securing digital text is becoming increasingly relevant due to the widespread use of large language models. Individuals' fear of losing control over data when it is being used to train such machine learning models or when distinguishing…
Evaluating the effectiveness of software protection is crucial for selecting the most effective methods to safeguard assets within software applications. Obfuscation involves techniques that deliberately modify software to make it more…
More than 120 algorithms have been developed for exact string matching within the last 40 years. We show by experiments that the \naive{} algorithm exploiting SIMD instructions of modern CPUs (with symbols compared in a special order) is…
This paper investigates the employment of various encoders in text transformation, converting characters into bytes. It discusses local encoders such as ASCII and GB-2312, which encode specific characters into shorter bytes, and universal…
We introduce Reverse CAPTCHA, an evaluation framework that tests whether large language models follow invisible Unicode-encoded instructions embedded in otherwise normal-looking text. Unlike traditional CAPTCHAs that distinguish humans from…
In order to achieve fault tolerance, highly reliable system often require the ability to detect errors as soon as they occur and prevent the speared of erroneous information throughout the system. Thus, the need for codes capable of…
Qubit readout is commonly performed by thresholding a collection of analog detector signals to obtain a sequence of single-shot bit values. The intrinsic irreversibility of the mapping from analog to digital signals discards soft…
Despite the vast body of research literature proposing algorithms with formal guarantees, the amount of verifiable code in today's systems remains minimal. This discrepancy stems from the inherent difficulty of verifying code, particularly…
An unsolved challenge in distributed or federated learning is to effectively mitigate privacy risks without slowing down training or reducing accuracy. In this paper, we propose TextHide aiming at addressing this challenge for natural…
In this paper, we present a new semantics to check file safety of multithreaded programs. A file-safe program is one that reaches a final configuration under the proposed semantics. We extend the While language with file operations and…
Motivated by the amount of code that goes unidentified on the web, we introduce a practical method for algorithmically identifying the programming language of source code. Our work is based on supervised learning and intelligent statistical…
Executing computer programs described in natural language has long been a pursuit of computer science. With the advent of enhanced natural language understanding capabilities exhibited by large language models (LLMs), the path toward this…
Code obfuscation is a popular approach to turn program comprehension and analysis harder, with the aim of mitigating threats related to malicious reverse engineering and code tampering. However, programming languages that compile to high…