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With the rise of generative language models, machine-generated text detection has become a critical challenge. A wide variety of models is available, but inconsistent datasets, evaluation metrics, and assessment strategies obscure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Kevin Stowe , Kailash Patil

With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) and the huge amount of text they generated, it becomes more and more impractical to manually distinguish whether a text is machine-generated. Given the growing use of LLMs in social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Jinyan Su , Terry Yue Zhuo , Di Wang , Preslav Nakov

Machine translation (MT) is an important task in natural language processing (NLP) as it automates the translation process and reduces the reliance on human translators. With the resurgence of neural networks, the translation quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Sameen Maruf , Fahimeh Saleh , Gholamreza Haffari

The burgeoning progress in the field of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds significant benefits due to their unparalleled capacities. However, it is critical to acknowledge the potential misuse of these models, which could give rise to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Haolan Zhan , Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Yuxiang Wu , Pontus Stenetorp

Evaluation practices in natural language generation (NLG) have many known flaws, but improved evaluation approaches are rarely widely adopted. This issue has become more urgent, since neural NLG models have improved to the point where they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Sebastian Gehrmann , Elizabeth Clark , Thibault Sellam

The ease of access to large language models (LLMs) has enabled a widespread of machine-generated texts, and now it is often hard to tell whether a piece of text was human-written or machine-generated. This raises concerns about potential…

This research presents and compares multiple approaches to automate the generation of literature reviews using several Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with a Large Language Model (LLM).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Nurshat Fateh Ali , Md. Mahdi Mohtasim , Shakil Mosharrof , T. Gopi Krishna

Evaluating natural language generation (NLG) is a vital but challenging problem in natural language processing. Traditional evaluation metrics mainly capturing content (e.g. n-gram) overlap between system outputs and references are far from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Mingqi Gao , Xinyu Hu , Jie Ruan , Xiao Pu , Xiaojun Wan

Thanks to the state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), language generation has reached outstanding levels. These models are capable of generating high quality content, thus making it a challenging task to detect generated text from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Vijini Liyanage , Davide Buscaldi

Recent advances in generative models for language have enabled the creation of convincing synthetic text or deepfake text. Prior work has demonstrated the potential for misuse of deepfake text to mislead content consumers. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jiameng Pu , Zain Sarwar , Sifat Muhammad Abdullah , Abdullah Rehman , Yoonjin Kim , Parantapa Bhattacharya , Mobin Javed , Bimal Viswanath

With the development of large language models (LLMs), detecting whether text is generated by a machine becomes increasingly challenging in the face of malicious use cases like the spread of false information, protection of intellectual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Ying Zhou , Ben He , Le Sun

Detecting text generated by modern large language models is thought to be hard, as both LLMs and humans can exhibit a wide range of complex behaviors. However, we find that a score based on contrasting two closely related language models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Abhimanyu Hans , Avi Schwarzschild , Valeriia Cherepanova , Hamid Kazemi , Aniruddha Saha , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

The wide acceptance of large language models (LLMs) has unlocked new applications and social risks. Popular countermeasures aim at detecting misinformation, usually involve domain specific models trained to recognize the relevance of any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Edouard Yvinec , Gabriel Kasser

The dissemination of Large Language Models (LLMs), trained at scale, and endowed with powerful text-generating abilities, has made it easier for all to produce harmful, toxic, faked or forged content. In response, various proposals have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matthieu Dubois , François Yvon , Pablo Piantanida

Advanced neural language models (NLMs) are widely used in sequence generation tasks because they are able to produce fluent and meaningful sentences. They can also be used to generate fake reviews, which can then be used to attack online…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-04 David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Haotian Mai , Fuming Fang , Huy H. Nguyen , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen

The rapid proliferation of AI-generated text online is profoundly reshaping the information landscape. Among various types of AI-generated text, AI-generated news presents a significant threat as it can be a prominent source of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Tharindu Kumarage , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Djordje Padejski , Kristy Roschke , Dan Gillmor , Scott Ruston , Huan Liu , Joshua Garland

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, has resulted in the widespread presence of LLM-generated content on social media platforms, raising concerns about misinformation, data biases, and privacy violations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Zihao Cheng , Li Zhou , Feng Jiang , Benyou Wang , Haizhou Li

Fake news detection is a critical yet challenging problem in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The rapid rise of social networking platforms has not only yielded a vast increase in information accessibility but has also accelerated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Ray Oshikawa , Jing Qian , William Yang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable fluency across various tasks. However, their unethical applications, such as disseminating disinformation, have become a growing concern. Although recent works have proposed a number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 James Wang , Ran Li , Junfeng Yang , Chengzhi Mao

The growing prominence of large language models, such as GPT-4 and ChatGPT, has led to increased concerns over academic integrity due to the potential for machine-generated content and paraphrasing. Although studies have explored the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Jonas Becker , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp