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Potential of electrical loads in providing grid ancillary services is often limited due to the uncertainties associated with the load behavior. A knowledge of the expected uncertainties with a load control program would invariably yield to…
This review analysis presents a comprehensive exploration of energy flexibility in modern power systems. It examines the roles and mechanisms of flexible technologies across three main categories: generators, energy storage systems (ESS),…
Bundling a large number of distributed energy resources through a load aggregator has been advocated as an effective means to integrate such resources into whole-sale energy markets. To ease market clearing, system operators allow…
Flexible loads, i.e. the loads whose power trajectory is not bound to a specific one, constitute a sizable portion of current and future electric demand. This flexibility can be used to improve the performance of the grid, should the right…
For market-based procurement of low voltage (LV) flexibility, DSOs identify the amount of flexibility needed for resolving probable distribution network (DN) voltage and thermal congestion. A framework is required to avoid over or under…
Managing supply and demand in the electricity grid is becoming more challenging due to the increasing penetration of variable renewable energy sources. As significant end-use consumers, and through better grid integration, buildings are…
This paper proposes a novel scalable type of multi-agent reinforcement learning-based coordination for distributed residential energy. Cooperating agents learn to control the flexibility offered by electric vehicles, space heating and…
Renewable-energy-based grids development needs new methods to maintain the balance between the load and generation using the efficient energy storages models. Most of the available energy storages models do not take into account such…
The flexibilities provided by the distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution systems enable the coordination of transmission system operator (TSO) and distribution system operators (DSOs). At the distribution level, the…
Energy flexibility, through short-term demand-side management (DSM) and energy storage technologies, is now seen as a major key to balancing the fluctuating supply in different energy grids with the energy demand of buildings. This is…
The flexible loads in power systems, such as interruptible and transferable loads, are critical flexibility resources for mitigating power imbalances. Despite their potential, accurate modeling of these loads is a challenging work and has…
The power grid is undergoing significant restructuring driven by the adoption of wind/solar power and the incorporation of new flexible technologies that can shift load in space and time (e.g., data centers, battery storage, and modular…
Grid-interactive building control is a challenging and important problem for reducing carbon emissions, increasing energy efficiency, and supporting the electric power grid. Currently researchers and practitioners are confronted with a…
The need for flexibility and curtailable resources is crucial for ensuring the healthy operation of future distribution networks (DN). In this work, we propose a network-state driven framework that distribution system operators (DSOs) can…
Demand Response is an emerging technology which will transform the power grid of tomorrow. It is revolutionary, not only because it will enable peak load shaving and will add resources to manage large distribution systems, but mainly…
It is now well known that flexibility of energy consumption can be harnessed for the purposes of grid-level ancillary services. In particular, through distributed control of a collection of loads, a balancing authority regulation signal can…
Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners and water heaters typically maintain their temperature within a preset range using on/off actuation. These types of loads are inherently flexible: many different power…
To study the impacts of price responsive demand on the electric power system requires better load models. This paper discusses the modeling of uncertainties in aggregated thermostatically controlled loads using a state queueing (SQ) model.…
Demand-side management provides a great potential for improving the efficiency and reliability of energy systems. This requires a mechanism to connect the market level and the demand side. The flexibility function is a novel approach that…
Buildings account for approximately 40% of global energy consumption, and with the growing share of intermittent renewable energy sources, enabling demand-side flexibility, particularly in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems,…