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Related papers: Speakers Fill Lexical Semantic Gaps with Context

200 papers

This paper elaborates on the notion of uncertainty in the context of annotation in large text corpora, specifically focusing on (but not limited to) historical languages. Such uncertainty might be due to inherent properties of the language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Marie-Luis Merten , Marcel Wever , Michaela Geierhos , Doris Tophinke , Eyke Hüllermeier

In an effort to better understand meaning from natural language texts, we explore methods aimed at organizing lexical objects into contexts. A number of these methods for organization fall into a family defined by word ordering. Unlike…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Jake Ryland Williams , Eric M. Clark , James P. Bagrow , Christopher M. Danforth , Peter Sheridan Dodds

One major deficiency of most semantic representation techniques is that they usually model a word type as a single point in the semantic space, hence conflating all the meanings that the word can have. Addressing this issue by learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Mohammad Taher Pilehvar , Nigel Collier

There is substantial variability in the expectations that communication partners bring into interactions, creating the potential for misunderstandings. To directly probe these gaps and our ability to overcome them, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Sonia K. Murthy , Thomas L. Griffiths , Robert D. Hawkins

We propose to take on the problem ofWord Sense Disambiguation (WSD). In language, words of the same form can take different meanings depending on context. While humans easily infer the meaning or gloss of such words by their context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Nikhil Patel , James Hale , Kanika Jindal , Apoorva Sharma , Yichun Yu

Gender stereotypes are manifest in most of the world's languages and are consequently propagated or amplified by NLP systems. Although research has focused on mitigating gender stereotypes in English, the approaches that are commonly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Ran Zmigrod , Sabrina J. Mielke , Hanna Wallach , Ryan Cotterell

As conversational search becomes more pervasive, it becomes increasingly important to understand the user's underlying information needs when they converse with such systems in diverse domains. We conduct an in-situ study to understand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Alexander Frummet , David Elsweiler , Bernd Ludwig

Emojis come with prepacked semantics making them great candidates to create new forms of more accessible communications. Yet, little is known about how much of this emojis semantic is agreed upon by humans, outside of textual contexts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Justyna Czestochowska , Kristina Gligoric , Maxime Peyrard , Yann Mentha , Michal Bien , Andrea Grutter , Anita Auer , Aris Xanthos , Robert West

Many current NLP systems are built from language models trained to optimize unsupervised objectives on large amounts of raw text. Under what conditions might such a procedure acquire meaning? Our systematic experiments with synthetic data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zhaofeng Wu , William Merrill , Hao Peng , Iz Beltagy , Noah A. Smith

Large Language Models (LLMs) encode vast world knowledge across multiple languages, yet their internal beliefs are often unevenly distributed across linguistic spaces. When external evidence contradicts these language-dependent memories,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jiaqi Zhao , Qiang Huang , Haodong Chen , Xiaoxing You , Jun Yu

Lexical Substitution is the task of replacing a single word in a sentence with a similar one. This should ideally be one that is not necessarily only synonymous, but also fits well into the surrounding context of the target word, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Juraj Vladika , Stephen Meisenbacher , Florian Matthes

Language models have recently achieved strong performance across a wide range of NLP benchmarks. However, unlike benchmarks, real world tasks are often poorly specified, and agents must deduce the user's intended behavior from a combination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Alex Tamkin , Kunal Handa , Avash Shrestha , Noah Goodman

Slang is a common type of informal language, but its flexible nature and paucity of data resources present challenges for existing natural language systems. We take an initial step toward machine generation of slang by developing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Zhewei Sun , Richard Zemel , Yang Xu

Grammatical features such as number and gender serve two central functions in human languages. While they encode salient semantic attributes like numerosity and animacy, they also offload sentence processing cost by predictably linking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Emily Cheng , Francesca Franzon

Written language is a complex communication signal capable of conveying information encoded in the form of ordered sequences of words. Beyond the local order ruled by grammar, semantic and thematic structures affect long-range patterns in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-05-17 Marcelo A. Montemurro , Damian Zanette

We are concerned with dependency-oriented morphosyntactic parsing of running text. While a parsing grammar should avoid introducing structurally unresolvable distinctions in order to optimise on the accuracy of the parser, it also is…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Atro Voutilainen , Pasi Tapanainen

Modern language models are capable of contextualizing words based on their surrounding context. However, this capability is often compromised due to semantic change that leads to words being used in new, unexpected contexts not encountered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Francesco Periti , Pierluigi Cassotti , Haim Dubossarsky , Nina Tahmasebi

Recently, multilingual BERT works remarkably well on cross-lingual transfer tasks, superior to static non-contextualized word embeddings. In this work, we provide an in-depth experimental study to supplement the existing literature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Chi-Liang Liu , Tsung-Yuan Hsu , Yung-Sung Chuang , Hung-Yi Lee

While the task of assessing the plausibility of events such as ''news is relevant'' has been addressed by a growing body of work, less attention has been paid to capturing changes in plausibility as triggered by event modification.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Anna Golub , Beate Zywietz , Annerose Eichel

LLMs deployed multilingually are often audited via English explanations for non-English inputs. We evaluate extractive explanations ''where the model identifies input token spans as evidence alongside a generated rationale'' and uncover a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Somnath Banerjee , Pranav Jha , Rima Hazra , Animesh Mukherjee